Mukulimbana ndi chinsalu chopanda kanthu komanso malingaliro angapo m'mutu mwanu? Osadandaula! Chinyengo ndi kupanga dongosolo lanu bwino. Kufulumira kokonzedwa bwino kumakhala ngati maziko opangira nkhani ya A-grade. Imaphwanya funso lankhaniyo kukhala zidutswa zosavuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuti muzitha kuwongolera malingaliro anu, kupanga mawu amphamvu amalingaliro, ndikusunga mayendedwe omveka. Mothandizidwa ndi zochitika zolemberatu zokonzekera monga kulingalira ndi kufotokozera, mukhoza kuphunzira ntchito yolemba ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mwakwaniritsa malangizo onse. Potero, mumapanga mapu a msewu omwe amakutsogolerani kuyambira pachiyambi mpaka kumapeto, kuonetsetsa kuti nkhani yanu siingoyang'ana komanso yokonzedwa bwino komanso imagwirizananso ndi owerenga.
Konzani mayendedwe anu: zikutanthauza chiyani?
Malinga ndi Mtanthauzira mawu wa Merriam-Webster, 'kufulumira' kumathandizira kulimbikitsa kuchitapo kanthu. Pankhani yolemba nkhani, zolimbikitsa zimakhala ngati zowongolera kuti zikuthandizeni kukonzekera nkhani yokonzedwa bwino. Iwo amachita zambiri osati kungopereka lingaliro la mutu; amafotokoza zinthu zofunika monga:
- Nkhani yomwe muyenera kuganizira kwambiri
- Mtundu wa nkhani (mwachitsanzo, zokangana, zofotokozera, ndi zina zotero)
- Zofunikira pakuwonetsa (MLA, APA, etc.)
Kuti mukonzekere kufulumira kwanu, yambani ndikumvetsetsa chilichonse mwa zigawo zake. Izi zimathandizira kulemba nkhani mosavuta. Lingaliro lomveka bwino komanso lokonzedwa bwino limakuthandizani kugawa funso lovuta kukhala ntchito zosavuta, zomwe zimakulolani kuwongolera malingaliro anu ndikupanga malingaliro amphamvu. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zolemberatu monga kusinkhasinkha kumatsimikizira kuti mumatsatira malangizowo, ndikupereka mapu a nkhani yomveka bwino, yomveka, komanso yothandiza.
Konzani kufulumira kwanu: Mapangidwe ndi zigawo
Mukayankha chenjezo lolembera, chinthu choyamba ndikukonza bwino zomwe mukufuna. Kumvetsetsa momwe mungasankhire mwachangu ndikukonza nkhani yanu ndikofunikira. Nkhani yanu iyenera kukhala ndi zinthu zingapo zofunika: mawu oyamba omwe amakhazikitsa maziko, mawu ofotokozera mwachidule mfundo zanu, ndime za thupi zomwe zimapereka umboni wochirikiza, ndi mawu omaliza omwe amalumikiza zonse pamodzi.
Pamene tikufufuza mozama, muwona momwe chilichonse mwa zigawozi chilili chofunikira kuti mukonzekere bwino nthawi yanu ndikuyendetsa polemba. Kutsatira dongosololi sikungotsimikizira kuti nkhani yanu ndi yomveka bwino komanso yokonzedwa bwino komanso kumathandizira kuti malingaliro anu amveke bwino. Njira iyi, imapangitsa kuti nkhani yanu ikhale yosangalatsa komanso yokhudzika kwa owerenga anu.
Chiyambi cha mutu
Kufulumira polemba nthawi zambiri kumayamba ndi kuyambitsa nkhaniyo kuti wolembayo akope chidwi chake. Gawo loyambilirali ndilofunika kwambiri mukamakonza zomwe mukufuna. Zingaphatikizepo mawu omveka bwino, ziwerengero zoyenera, kapena mbiri yakale kuti mukhazikitse nkhaniyo. Chidziwitso choyambirirachi chimathandiza kuyika malingaliro a wolemba pamutuwo, ngakhale ntchito yeniyeniyo isanaperekedwe.
Mwachitsanzo:
- Bodza loyera ndi bodza laling’ono, lopanda vuto lililonse, monga kunena kuti, “Kumeta kwako kukuwoneka kodabwitsa!” pamene simukuganiza choncho. Kaŵirikaŵiri anthu amanama kuti asakhumudwitse ena kapena kuletsa mikangano yosafunikira.
Pakadali pano, kufulumira sikunafotokoze zomwe wolembayo ayenera kukambirana mwatsatanetsatane. M’malo mwake, mizere yoyambirira imeneyi imatsimikizira kuti wolembayo akumvetsa lingaliro la ‘bodza loyera,’ lokhazikitsa maziko oti ntchito yolemba itsatire.
Malangizo okonzekera
Kutsatira kuyambika kwa mutuwo, wolemba nkhaniyo nthawi zambiri amapereka malangizo owonjezera kuti akuthandizeni kukonza bwino zomwe mukufuna. Malangizo oyambilirawa amakhala ngati chilimbikitso chokhazikika m'maganizo, kukulimbikitsani kuti mufufuze mbali zosiyanasiyana za mutuwo. Kukambirana kotereku ndikofunikira kuti mumveketse malingaliro anu ndikuwonetsa malingaliro anu oyamba, ndikuyika maziko ankhani yomwe mukufuna kulemba. Gawo ili ndilofunika kwa wolemba aliyense chifukwa amathandiza pokonzekera mkangano wokwanira komanso wodziwa bwino.
Mwachitsanzo:
- Ganizirani za ubwino ndi kuipa kopereka chiyamikiro pongosunga bata.
Ngakhale kuti chitsogozochi sichikulongosola zomwe nkhaniyo iyenera kukambirana, imapangitsa wolembayo kuti ayambe kuganizira mozama mbali zonse za nkhaniyo, ndikukhazikitsa mkangano wokwanira komanso wokakamiza.
Kufotokozera za ntchitoyo
M'gawo lomaliza lachidziwitso cholembedwa bwino, wolemba nthawi zambiri amatchula ntchito yeniyeni yomwe iyenera kuchitidwa, osati kungofotokoza mutuwo komanso ndondomeko yeniyeni yolembera, monga ndondomeko ya zolemba kapena zolemba. Kumveka bwino kumeneku kumachotsa chisokonezo ndipo kumapatsa wolemba nkhani malangizo olondola kuti atsatire. Malangizowa atha kukhala ndi tsatanetsatane wa kutalika kwa nkhaniyo, kuchuluka kofunikira kwa magwero, kapena mtundu wa umboni womwe ungaphatikizidwe.
Mwachitsanzo:
- Lembani nkhani ya ndime zisanu yowunikira udindo wa ziyamiko zomwe zimaperekedwa chifukwa cha mtendere wa anthu, pogwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa APA polemba. Onetsetsani kuti mwaphatikizanso magwero osachepera atatu a maphunziro ochirikiza mkangano wanu.
Pambuyo povomereza ntchitoyi mwatsatanetsatane, wolemba nkhaniyo akhoza kubwereranso ku zolemba zawo zomwe adalemba kale za ubwino ndi kuipa kwa kupereka chiyamiko cha chiyanjano cha anthu. Izi zimawathandiza kupanga lingaliro lamphamvu komanso logwira mtima, ndikukhazikitsa maziko a nkhani yomwe ili yosangalatsa komanso yolingalira bwino. Gawo lomalizali lachidziwitsochi limagwira ntchito ngati mwala wapangodya wa ntchito yonse yolemba.
Konzani zomwe mukufuna: Kuyankha mwachangu
Kuti muthane ndi kukula konse kwachidziwitso, ndikofunikira kukonza zomwe mukufuna powerenga kangapo. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo chonyalanyaza mfundo zazikuluzikulu, monga kuchuluka kwa mawu omwe atchulidwa kapena mtundu wa mawu ofunikira.
Zochita zolemberatu ndi njira ina yokonzekera kufulumira kwanu, ndipo zimalimbikitsidwa ngakhale chenjezo silikufunsani momveka bwino. Kukonzekera kufulumira kwanu panthawi yolembera kumachita ngati maziko ofunikira omwe amabwera patsogolo pa kulemba nkhaniyo. Kulemberatu kungakuthandizeni kukonza bwino zomwe mukufuna ndikuphatikiza izi:
- Kusanthula mwamsanga. Kuti mukonzekere bwino zomwe mukufuna, fufuzani mozama muzolemba zake kuti mudziwe zomwe zikukupemphani kuti muchite. Yang'anani mawu osakira ndi mawu omwe akuwonetsa mtundu wankhani yomwe muyenera kulemba kapena maphunziro omwe muyenera kuchita.
- Kufufuza mutuwo. Tengani nthawi yokambilana maupangiri, malingaliro, kapena mikangano yosiyana ndi mutu womwe mwapatsidwa. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muzindikire cholinga cha nkhani yanu, ndikuwonjezeranso kalembedwe kanu.
- Kupanga autilaini. Konzani zomwe mukufuna posankha mndandanda wa mfundo kapena mitu yomwe mungafotokoze m'nkhani yanu. Autilainiyi ikhala ngati mapu, kupereka kuti nkhani yanu ndi yomveka komanso yotakata.
Potsatira mosamalitsa izi kuti mukonzekere zomwe mukufuna, mumakhala okonzeka kulemba nkhani yomveka bwino komanso yokonzedwa bwino.
Kuphwanya zigawo za prompt
Mukawerenga malangizowo mokwanira, chofunikira choyamba ndikuchigawa m'magulu ake kuti mukonze bwino zomwe mukufuna. 'Dissection' yoyambirira iyi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la ntchito yanu yoyambira, yopangidwa kuti imveketse bwino zomwe zikukutsogolereni kuchita. Mwa kulinganiza kufulumira kwanu m'magawo omveka bwino, mumakhazikitsa njira yowunikira komanso yowerengeka yolemba nkhani. Sitepe iyi sikuti imakuthandizani kuzindikira zinthu zofunika kwambiri poyankha komanso amakhazikitsa maziko a yankho lalikulu komanso logwira mtima.
Kuzindikiritsa ntchito yolemba
Choyamba, olembawo ayenera kufotokozera zomwe akufunsidwa kuti amalize. Njira imodzi yosinthira kufulumira kwanu ndikusanthula mawu osakira okhudza kuchitapo kanthu, omwe amakhala ngati zikwangwani zotsogolera komwe mungalembe. Mawu osakira awa atha kukhala:
- Pendani
- Fotokozani
- Yerekezerani ndi kusiyanitsa
- Yesani
- Kuteteza
- Kukangana
- Fotokozerani
- mwachidule
- Fotokozani
Olembawo aganizirenso za malo omwe mwamsangamsanga amapereka kuti azitha kumasulira. Zidziwitso zina zitha kukupemphani kuti muthandizire paudindo winawake, pomwe zina zitha kukupatsani ufulu wopanga malingaliro anu. Kutengera mawu osakira omwe azindikirika, njira yanu yolembera iyenera kukhala yosiyana motere:
- Ngati mwamsanga kukulangizani 'Kufotokoza' chochitika: Yang'anani pa kupereka mwatsatanetsatane komanso momveka bwino nkhani, kuchititsa chochitikacho kukhala moyo kudzera m'mawu anu.
- Ngati kufunsidwa kukukufunani kuti 'Mutsutsane' pamalingaliro: Pangani mlandu wokhutiritsa pogwiritsa ntchito umboni, zitsanzo, ndi malingaliro omveka kuti agwirizane ndi malingaliro anu.
Mwa kuphwanya mfundoyi motere, mumakhazikitsa maziko a nkhani yokhazikika komanso yowerengeka.
Maupangiri amapangidwe
Olemba akuyenera kusanthula mwachangu zofunikira zilizonse zosankhidwa. Izi zitha kukhala ndi zinthu zingapo monga:
- Malire owerengera mawu
- Chiwerengero cha ndime
- Zoletsa zamasamba
- Kutumiza tsiku lomaliza
- Chiwerengero cha zofunikira (mwachitsanzo, "zosachepera zinayi zakunja")
Ngati chidziwitsocho sichikupereka malangizo omveka bwino a masanjidwe, sitiyenera kutengeka mosasamala kuti mawuwo siwofunika. Zikatero, olemba ayenera kufunsa mphunzitsi wawo kapena kumamatira ku kalozera wodziwika bwino wa kalembedwe.
Kupanga Njira Yanu
Wolemba atawonetsa zofunikira zenizeni za kufulumira, sitepe yotsatira ndikukonza njira. Iyi ndi nthawi yofunikira kwambiri popanga malingaliro, kufunsa mafunso, komanso kukambirana za zikhalidwe ndi zovuta za mutu womwe uli nawo. Njira zosiyanasiyana zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonza njira, kuphatikizapo kufotokoza ubwino ndi kuipa, kugwiritsa ntchito "Five Ws" (Who, What, Where, When, Why), ndi kutchula mitu kapena malingaliro okhudzana nawo.
Monga chitsanzo china, ngati wolemba akuyankha mwachangu za kukhudzidwa kwa chilengedwe cha mafashoni othamanga, angaganizire mafunso awa:
Mwachitsanzo:
- N’chifukwa chiyani anthu amagula zinthu zafasho zachangu?
- Kodi ndingakumbukire zokumana nazo zanga momwe ndidasankha mafashoni othamanga kuposa zomwe ndingathe kuzipirira?
- Zotsatira za chilengedwe za mafashoni othamanga ndi chiyani?
- Kodi pali phindu lililonse pazachuma kapena pazachuma pakusala kudya?
- Kodi zowononga zachilengedwe zimaposa phindu, kapena mosiyana?
Poganizira mafunsowa, wolembayo amapeza malingaliro omveka bwino pamutuwo, zomwe zingathandize kuti nkhaniyo ikhale yowonjezereka komanso yowonjezereka.
Kupanga chiganizo cha thesis
Olemba atatha kumvetsetsa bwino mutuwo pokambirana kapena ntchito zina zolemberatu, ndi nthawi yoti apange chiganizo chofotokozera. Mawu awa amakhala ngati kaimidwe kolondola komanso kotetezedwa pamutu womwe ungatsimikiziridwe ndi umboni.
Kupanga chiganizo cha thesis kumafuna kuti wolembayo apereke malingaliro omveka bwino, enaake pa nkhaniyo.
Mwachitsanzo, pofotokoza za chilengedwe cha mafashoni othamanga, wolemba anganene kuti:
- Mafashoni othamanga amawononga chilengedwe.
Mawu ofotokozera amphamvu akufotokozera mwachidule tanthauzo la mkangano mu chiganizo chodziyimira chokha. Kwenikweni limafotokoza mfundo zazikuluzikulu za mkanganowo, kulola woŵerenga kumvetsa tanthauzo lonse la kulingalira. Kuti apange chiganizo chokulirapo cha thesis, olemba amatha kuwongolera zonena zawo zoyambira popereka kufotokozera kwake. Pofotokoza mfundo yoyamba, wolembayo anganene kuti:
Mwachitsanzo:
- Mafashoni othamanga amawononga chilengedwe chifukwa amathandizira kuwononga, amawononga kusintha kwa nyengo, ndipo amakumbukira ntchito zosayenera.
Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti olemba angadzimve kukhala okonzeka kutsogoza mawu awo ofotokozera ndi mawu monga 'Ndikuganiza' kapena 'Ndikukhulupirira.' Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito munthu woyamba nthawi zambiri sikuloledwa muzolemba zamaphunziro paziganizo zamalingaliro. Oyenererawa akhoza kufooketsa mphamvu ya mkangano. Monga momwe mawu ofotokozerawo amayimira malingaliro a wolemba m'nkhaniyo, mawu oterowo amakhala obwerezabwereza.
Kusonkhanitsa umboni wokwanira pa mkangano wanu
Pambuyo popanga chiganizo chofotokozedwa bwino, chotsatira chofunikira kwambiri kwa olemba ndicho kusonkhanitsa umboni wokhutiritsa wotsimikizira zonena zawo. Ngakhale kuti olemba angakhale kale ndi maganizo oyenera, m'pofunika kutsimikizira mfundozo ndi umboni wodalirika.
Umboni wodalirika nthawi zambiri umachokera ku magwero olemekezeka omwe adakumana ndi kuwunika kozama kwa akatswiri. Zitsanzo za magwero oyenera nthawi zambiri ndi monga:
- Zolemba zamaphunziro zowunikiridwa ndi anzawo
- Nkhani zosankhidwa
- Zofalitsa zaboma
- Mabuku ovomerezeka ndi akatswiri odziwika
Olemba ayesetse kupeza umboni kuchokera ku mitundu iyi ya magwero kuti alimbitse mfundo iliyonse yochirikiza. Ngakhale kuti malangizo ena anganene momveka bwino kuchuluka kwa umboni womwe ukufunika, monga lamulo, ganizirani kupereka umboni wosachepera ziwiri pa mfundo iliyonse yothandizira.
Muzochitika zinazake, chidziwitsocho chikhoza kupereka zovomerezeka kapena zofunikira. Zikatero, olemba ayenera kufufuza mosamala zolembazi, osati kuti angopanga malingaliro awo okha komanso kuti atolenso deta kapena mawu ofunikira. Izi ziyenera kutchulidwa molondola kuti ziwonjezere kukhulupirika ndi kufunikira kwa mkangano womwe ukuperekedwa.
Konzani autilaini yachidziwitso chanu
Pambuyo pokonza mawu awo ofotokozera ndikusonkhanitsa umboni wotsimikizira, olemba amatha kufotokoza zolemba zawo. Autilaini imagwira ntchito ngati mapu a mseu, kutsogolera kayendetsedwe ka malingaliro moyenera. Mulingo watsatanetsatane mu autilaini ungasinthe malinga ndi nthawi yomwe ilipo; komabe, ngakhale autilaini yachidule imapindulitsa kukhalabe wolunjika ndi wadongosolo. Nayi chitsanzo cha ndondomeko ya nkhani ya ndime zisanu:
| chigawo | Chigawo & Kufotokozera |
| Introduction | • mbedza: Chotsegulira chokopa chidwi • Chiyambi cha mutu: Fotokozani mwachidule mutuwo • Chidziwitso cha Thesis: Mtsutso waukulu wa nkhaniyo |
| Thupi ndime 1 | • Chiganizo chamutu: Lingaliro lalikulu la ndimeyi • Umboni Wothandizira 1: Umboni woyamba • Kufufuza: Kufotokozera za umboni 1 • Umboni Wothandizira 2: Umboni wachiwiri • Kufufuza: Kufotokozera za umboni 2 |
| Thupi ndime 2 | • Chiganizo chamutu: Lingaliro lalikulu la ndimeyi • Umboni Wothandizira 1: Umboni woyamba • Kufufuza: Kufotokozera za umboni 1 • Umboni Wothandizira 2: Umboni wachiwiri • Kufufuza: Kufotokozera za umboni 2 |
| Thupi ndime 3 | • Chiganizo chamutu: Lingaliro lalikulu la ndimeyi • Umboni Wothandizira 1: Umboni woyamba • Kufufuza: Kufotokozera za umboni 1 • Umboni Wothandizira 2: Umboni wachiwiri • Kufufuza: Kufotokozera za umboni 2 |
| Kutsiliza | • Malingaliro onenedwanso: Bwerezani mfundoyi • Chidule cha umboni: Chidule cha mfundo zothandizira • Mawu omaliza: Malingaliro omaliza kapena kuyitanira kuchitapo kanthu |
Kupanga autilaini sikutanthauza mndandanda wathunthu watsatanetsatane, makamaka ngati nthawi yachepa. Komabe, kufotokozera ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakulemba. Sizimangobweretsa kumveka bwino komanso kuyang'ana kwambiri pamalingaliro a wolemba komanso zimathandizira kuwerenga kosavuta pothandizira kuyenda bwino kwa malingaliro.
Kutsiliza
| Chinsinsi cholembera nkhani yomveka bwino, yolunjika, komanso yogwira mtima ndikukonzekeretsa bwino. Lingaliro lolinganizidwa bwino limakhala ngati pulani ya nkhani yanu, ndikukuphunzitsani m'gawo lililonse lofunikira - kuyambira koyambira ndi mawu ofotokozera mpaka ndime zamagulu ndi mawu omaliza. Pokhala ndi nthawi yokonzekera kufulumira kwanu, mutha kugawa mafunso ovuta kukhala ntchito zosavuta. Njira imeneyi sikuti imangopangitsa kulemba mosavuta komanso kumatsimikizira kuti nkhani yanu imatsatira malangizowo ndipo imagwirizananso ndi owerenga. Kukonzekera kuyankhulana kwanu ndi njira yanu yopita ku nkhani ya A-grade, kutembenuza chinsalu chododometsa chopanda kanthu ndikusokoneza maganizo kukhala nkhani yokonzedwa bwino. |
