Kutaura nemazvo: Misiyano pakati peAP neAPA mafomati

Kududza nemazvo kwakakosha zvakanyanya mukunyora rondedzero. Izvo hazvingo wedzera kutendeka kune ako nharo asi zvakare zvinokubatsira iwe kudzivirira misungo yekunyepedzera. Nekudaro, izvo zvisingawanzo zivikanwa nevadzidzi ndezvekuti nzira yekutaura yakakosha zvakaenzana. Zvisizvo zvinodudzwa zvinogona kutungamira mukudzikiswa kwemagiredhi uye zvinogona kutokanganisa kutendeka kwebasa.

Mutemo wekutanga wechigunwe ndeuyu: Kana usina kunyora ruzivo iwe pachako, unofanira kugara uchitaura kwakabva. Kutadza kutaura kwaunobva, kunyanya mukunyora-chikamu chekoreji, kunyengera.

Kududza nemazvo: Zvitaera uye kukosha

Kune akawanda akasiyana maitiro ekunyora ari kushandiswa nhasi, imwe neimwe iine seti yayo yemitemo yekududza uye fomati. Zvimwe zvezvitayera zvakashandiswa ndezvi:

• AP (Yakabatana Press). Inowanzoshandiswa mune zvenhau uye zvinyorwa zvine chekuita nenhau.
• APA (American Psychological Association). Inonyanya kushandiswa muSocial Sayenzi.
• MLA (Modern Language Association). Inowanzo shandiswa kune vanhu uye liberal arts.
• Chicago. Inokodzera nhoroondo uye mamwe mimwe minda, inopa maviri masitaera: zvinyorwa-bhaibheri uye munyori-zuva.
• Turabian. Shanduro yakapfava yeChicago style, inowanzo shandiswa nevadzidzi.
• Harvard. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muUK neAustralia, inoshandisa munyori-zuva sisitimu yezvinyorwa.
• IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers). Inoshandiswa muinjiniya uye tekinoroji minda.
• AMA (American Medical Association). Kushandirwa mumapepa ekurapa uye mumajenari.

Kunzwisisa iwo nuances ega ega chimiro kwakakosha, kunyanya sezvo akasiyana ezvidzidzo uye masangano angangoda masitaera akasiyana. Naizvozvo, gara uchibvunza nhungamiro yako yebasa kana kubvunza murairidzi wako kuti azive kuti ndeipi maitiro aunofanirwa kushandisa.

Plagiarism nemigumisiro yayo

Plagiarism chiito chekushandisa chidimbu chakanyorwa, chakazara kana chikamu, kune ako mapurojekiti pasina kupa rukudzo rwakafanira kumunyori wekutanga. Chaizvoizvo, iri mumakwikwi akafanana nekubira zvinhu kubva kune vamwe vanyori uye kuti zvinhu zvacho ndezvako.

Migumisiro yekukopa zvinosiyana zvichibva pachikoro, kukomba kwechikanganiso, uye dzimwe nguva kunyange mudzidzisi. Nekudaro, ivo kazhinji vanogona kuiswa muzvikamu zvinotevera:

• Zvirango zvedzidzo. Kudzikira mamakisi, kukundikana mubasa, kana kunyange kukundikana mukosi.
• Zviito zvekuranga. Yambiro yakanyorwa, kuongororwa kwedzidzo, kana kumiswa kana kudzingwa mumatambudziko akaomarara.
• Migumisiro yepamutemo. Dzimwe nyaya dzinogona kutungamira kumatare edzimhosva zvichienderana nekutyorwa kwekodzero.
• Negative mhedzisiro pabasa rako. Kukuvadza mukurumbira kunogona kukanganisa ramangwana redzidzo uye mikana yebasa.

The mhedzisiro zvinoenderana nechikoro chipi unopinda. Zvimwe zvikoro zvinogona kutora mutemo wekuti “Kuramwa mabasa kutatu iwe wabuda,” asi ini ndinoona kuti mayunivhesiti mazhinji ehunyanzvi ane mutemo wekuti haabvumiri kubira, uye usanetsekane nekukanganisa iwe pakutanga.

Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise huipi hwekunyepa uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti basa rese redzidzo nehunyanzvi rinodudzwa uye rinopihwa nekutaura nemazvo. Gara uchitarisa gwara rako rekukopa kana nhungamiro kuti unzwisise mhedzisiro yaungasangana nayo.

Matauriro ezvinyorwa zvakanaka: APA vs. AP mafomati

Matekisheni akakodzera akakosha mukunyora kwedzidzo nekutapi venhau kuti pfungwa dzienderane nekwadzinobva, kudzivirira kukopa, uye kuita kuti vaverengi vaone chokwadi. Zvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana uye masvikiro zvinowanzoda maitiro akasiyana ekutaura. Pano, isu tichaongorora mumhando mbiri dzakakurumbira: APA uye AP.

Muzvidzidzo kana zvehunyanzvi zvigadziriso, zvinyorwa zvakakosha pakudzivirira kubiridzira uye kuratidza kuti chimwe chinhu chinotendwa pabasa rako. Chinongedzo chakareruka kana chikamu che'zviwanikwa' kazhinji hachikwane. Kunyorerwa pasi nekuda kwechinyorwa chisina kunaka kunogona kukanganisa kuita kwako mudzidzo kana mukurumbira.

APA (American Psychological Association) uye AP (Yakabatana Press) mafomati ari pakati peanonyanya kushandiswa zvitaera zvekududza, imwe neimwe ichipa zvikonzero zvakasiyana uye ichida mamwe marudzi eruzivo rwekududzwa.

• Iyo APA fomati inonyanya kufarirwa mune zvemagariro sainzi senge psychology, uye inoda kutaurwa kwakadzama mukati mezvinyorwa uye muchikamu che'References' panoperera bepa.
• Iyo AP fomati inofarirwa mukunyora kwevatapi venhau, uye ine chinangwa chekuwedzera kupfupika, mu-zvinyorwa zvinyorwa pasina chikonzero cherondedzero yereferenzi.

Pasinei nemisiyano iyi, zvitayera zvese zvine chinangwa chikuru chekuratidza ruzivo uye zvinyorwa zvakajeka uye muchidimbu.

Mienzaniso yezvinyorwa muAP uye APA mafomati

Aya mafomati anosiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune mumwe nemumwe mumhando yeruzivo rwunodiwa pakutorwa.

muenzaniso 1

Kutaura kwakakodzera muAP fomati inogona kunge iri chinhu chakadai:

• Sekureva kwe usgovernmentspending.com, webhusaiti inoteedzera mashandisirwo anoitwa mari neHurumende, chikwereti chenyika chakakura nemadhora 1.9 trillion mumakore matatu apfuura kusvika pamadhora 18.6 trillion. Uku kukura kunosvika gumi muzana.

Nekudaro, iyo imwechete citation muAPA fomati yaizove nezvikamu zviviri. Waizopa ruzivo rwuri muchinyorwa nechiziviso chenhamba sezvinotevera:

• Sekureva kweusgovernmentspending.com, webhusaiti inotevedzera mashandisirwo anoitwa mari neHurumende, chikwereti chenyika chakakura nemadhora 1.9 trillion mumakore matatu apfuura kusvika pamadhora 18.6 bhiriyoni.
• [1] Uku kukura kunosvika gumi muzana.

Tevere, waizogadzira chikamu che 'Mabviro' chakasiyana chekutaura nemazvo, uchishandisa manhamba ekuzvizivisa kuti aenderane nechero tsime rakanyorwa, sezvakaratidzwa pazasi:

SOURCES

[1] Chantrell, Christopher (2015, Sept. 3rd). "Yakarongwa uye Yazvino US Federal Chikwereti Nhamba". Yakadzorerwa kubva ku http://www.usgovernmentspending.com/federal_debt_chart.html.

muenzaniso 2

Mune AP fomati, iwe unopa iyo ruzivo zvakananga kune sosi mukati mezvinyorwa, uchibvisa kudiwa kwechikamu chakasiyana masosi. Semuenzaniso, muchinyorwa chenhau, unogona kunyora:

• Sekureva kwaSmith, mutemo mutsva uyu unogona kukanganisa vanhu vanosvika chiuru.

Mune APA fomati, iwe unozosanganisira chikamu che'Source' pakupera kwepepa rako rezvidzidzo. Somuenzaniso, unogona kunyora:

• Iyo nyowani nyowani inogona kukanganisa vanhu vanosvika chiuru (Smith, 1,000).

SOURCES

Smith, J. (2021). Shanduko dzePolisi uye Zvadzo. Chinyorwa cheSocial Policy, 14(2), 112-120.

muenzaniso 3

AP fomati:

• Smith, ane PhD muEnvironment Sayenzi kubva kuHarvard University uye akaburitsa zvidzidzo zvakawanda pamusoro pekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, anoti kukwira kwemvura yemugungwa kunodyidzana nezviitiko zvevanhu.

APA fomati:

• Kukwira kwemazinga egungwa kwakabatana zvakananga nezviitiko zvevanhu (Smith, 2019).
• Smith, uyo ane PhD muEnvironment Sayenzi kubva kuHarvard, akaita zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvinosimbisa ichi.

SOURCES

Smith, J. (2019). Mhedzisiro Yezviitwa Zvevanhu Pakukwira Kwemafungu eGungwa. Journal of Environmental Science, 29 (4), 315-330.

Kutaura nemazvo kwakakosha mune zvese zvedzidzo uye zvekunyora zvenhau, neAPA neAP mafomati anoshandira zvakasiyana zvinodiwa. Nepo APA ichida yakadzama 'Sources' chikamu, AP inobatanidza zvinotemerwa zvakananga muzvinyorwa. Kunzwisisa kusiyana uku kwakakosha pakuchengetedza kuvimbika uye kuvimbika kwebasa rako.

mhedziso

Tinovimba kuti iwe, semudzidzi, ikozvino unonzwisisa kukosha kwekutaura nemazvo kwaunobva. Dzidza, uye zvishandise. Nekuita izvi, iwe unowedzera mikana yako yekupasa uye kuchengetedza yakasimba rekodhi redzidzo.