Lab mushumo zvakakosha: Kubva pakuseta kusvika pakutumira

Kunzwisisa nzira yekugadzirira yakakwana uye inoshanda mushumo werabhu kwakakosha kune chero mudzidzi wesainzi. Gwaro iri rinokufambisa iwe nenhanho yega yega yekugadzira rondedzero yerabhoritari, kubva pakumisikidza kuedza kwako kusvika pakuendesa zvaunowana. Iwe unozodzidza kuronga rondedzero yako, kuongorora data, kuve nechokwadi chemhando, uye kushandira pamwe zvinobudirira. Kunyangwe iwe uri kuita bvunzo dzakareruka dzekirasi kana mapurojekiti akaomarara ekutsvagisa, kugona hunyanzvi uhu kunosimudzira mashandiro ako edzidzo uye kukugadzirira iwe kumatambudziko esainzi epasirese.

Dive kuti uvandudze hunyanzvi hwako hwekubika uye uwane chivimbo mukunyora ongororo dzesainzi.

Kunzwisisa lab report

Chirevo cherabhu igwaro rakarongeka rakakosha mundima dzesainzi, tekinoroji, engineering, uye masvomhu (STEM). Inonyora maitiro ako ekuedza uye inoratidza kunzwisisa kwako kwenzira yesainzi, ichigonesa kuita kwakananga nekutsvagisa. Kazhinji kupfupika kupfuura mapepa ekutsvagisa, mishumo yerabhoritari maturusi akakosha ekukurukurirana kwesainzi uye nehunyanzvi hwesainzi, kunyatsojekesa data yakaoma yesainzi uye zvakawanikwa nenzira yakajeka uye yakarongeka. Heino pfupiso pfupi yemushumo welab:

• chinangwa. Kunyora uye kutaurirana izvo chaizvo uye mhedzisiro yekuedzwa kwerabhoritari.
• basa. Inobvumira kushandiswa kweruzivo rwetioreti mumamiriro ekuita uye kusimbiswa kwepfungwa dzesainzi.
• Utility. Zvakakosha mukuongorora kwedzidzo uye kutsvagisa kwehunyanzvi kuratidza maitiro uye hunyanzvi hwekuongorora.

Iyi maonero akafara anotarisa pane sei uye sei yemishumo yeLab kwete iyo chii, iyo inotsanangurwa muchikamu chinotevera.

Kuvaka mushumo werabhoritari: Zvikamu zvakakosha zvinotsanangurwa

Hurongwa hwemushumo werabhoritari hunogona kusiyana zvichienderana nechirango uye nhungamiro dzakatarwa nemasangano edzidzo. Nekudaro, kazhinji inotenderedza akati wandei makiyimisheni anodonongodza chikamu chimwe nechimwe chebasa rerabhoritari. Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti wazadzisa zvese zvinodiwa, zvakakosha kubvunza murairidzi wako kana kuongorora magwaro ekutungamira usati watanga rondedzero yako. Pazasi, unogona kuwana zvakakosha zvemushumo werabhu:

• musoro wenyaya. Inopfupikisa chinangwa chikuru chechidzidzo.
• ngovepo. Chidimbu chezvinangwa zvechidzidzo, nzira, mhedzisiro, nemhedziso.
• ziviso. Inogadzirisa chidzidzo mukati mechikamu chetsvagurudzo.
• nzira. Inotsanangura maitiro ekuedza uye zvinhu zvinoshandiswa.
• Results. Inotsanangura data yakaunganidzwa uye ongororo yakaitwa.
• hurukuro. Inoongorora zvinorehwa uye zvinogumira zvezviwanikwa.
• mhedziso. Inopfupikisa zvakabuda muchidzidzo.
• References. Inonyora zvinyorwa zvese zvakadomwa.
• Mashoko Okuwedzera. Rine mamwe mashoko.

Nepo zvikamu izvi zvichiumba musana wemishumo yakawanda yerabhu, kuchinjika kunogona kuve kuri madikanwa zvichibva pane zvakatemwa zvepurojekiti kana gwara redzidzo. Dzimwe nguva, zvikamu zvemushumo zvinogona kupfupikiswa kana kusiiwa kunze. Semuenzaniso, chikamu chipfupi chezvinangwa zvekutsvagisa chinogona kutora nzvimbo yesumo yakazara, kana kurukurirano yakadzama inogona kuvhara zvese zvinodiwa pasina mhedziso yakaparadzana.

musoro wenyaya

Musoro wemushumo werabhoritari yako ndiwo muverengi wekutanga kuona nezvebasa rako — unoisa danho rezvinotevera. Musoro wakanyatsogadzirwa unopa muchidimbu musoro wetsvakiridzo yako kana mhedzisiro, uchitora essence pasina kuda hunyanzvi kana hunyanzvi. Pane kudaro, tarisa kujeka uye nemazvo kuti ubudise zvinobudirira chinangwa chekudzidza kwako. Heano nhungamiro yezita rakasimba:

• Ichengete ipfupi uye yakananga.
• Ita shuwa kuti inoratidza zvakananga zviri mushumo.
• Dzivisa chirevo chehunyanzvi chingave chisinga zivikanwe zvakanyanya kunze kwenzvimbo dzedzidzo.

Kuenzanisira, heino mimwe mienzaniso yakajeka uye inotsanangura mazita:

• "Kukanganisa kwekuwedzera kwemunyu pamatengo emakorari." • "Kubuda kwechiedza pakukura kwechirimwa." • "Kuongorora kukanganisa kwekushisa pakuneta kwesimbi."

Mienzaniso iyi inoratidza nzira yekutarisisa pane zvakakosha uye zvakabuda muongororo, ichipa muono wakajeka wekutarisa kwechidzidzo kubva pakutanga.

ngovepo

Abstract inoshanda sepfupiso pfupi yemushumo wako welab, kazhinji kubva pamashoko zana nemakumi mashanu kusvika mazana matatu. Inopa mufananidzo wezvinangwa zvekuyedza, maitiro, zvakakosha zvakawanikwa, uye mhedziso. Funga uri iwo mukana wako wekutaura zvakakosha patsvagiridzo yako mune compact fomu, uchipa tarisiro inofukidza kukosha kwekudzidza kwako.

Zvinokurudzirwa kunyora abstract yekupedzisira. Iri zano rinoita kuti iwe ugone kupfupisa nemazvo chikamu chimwe nechimwe chemushumo mushure mekunge chanyatsogadzirwa. Iyo abstract inofanira kunyorwa munguva yakapfuura, zvichiratidza kuti zviedzo uye ongororo dzakapedzwa. Pazasi pane yakakosha mibvunzo yekutungamira yako abstract kunyora:

• Ndeipi mamiriro echidzidzo chako? Izvi zvinoisa tsvakiridzo yako mukati mendima yakakura yekubvunza.
• Ndeupi mubvunzo wekutsvagisa waunotarisana nawo? Inojekesa chinangwa uye chinangwa chechidzidzo.
• Kuedza kwakaitwa sei? Inotsanangura nzira uye maitiro anoshandiswa, ichipa nzwisiso mukuyedza dhizaini.
• Ndezvipi zvaive zvakakosha? Inopfupisa data uye zvakakosha zvakawanikwa.
• Mibairo iyi yakadudzirwa sei? Inotaura nezvekuongorora uye kukosha kwemigumisiro mukupindura mubvunzo wetsvakurudzo.
• Zvawakawana zvine basa rei mumunda wekudzidza? Inosimbisa zvinorehwa uye kukosha kwezvigumisiro mukusimudzira ruzivo.
• Zvawawana zvinobatsira sei kutsvagurudzo yeramangwana kana mashandisirwo anoshanda? Inokurudzira kutariswa kwemaitiro echidzidzo kupfuura zvabuda ipapo, kusanganisira mazano ezvidzidzo zveramangwana kana zvingangoitwa zvepasi rose.

Muenzaniso uchishandisa zita rakasarudzwa - "Mhepo yekuratidzwa kwechiedza pakukura kwechirimwa":

Mhedzisiro yemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuvhenekerwa kwechiedza pakukura kwechirimwa zvakaongororwa muchidzidzo ichi. Mapoka matatu embesa dzebhinzi akaoneswa pasi, pakati nepakati, uye nechiedza chakakwirira kwemazuva makumi matatu kuti vaone kuti ndepapi payero yechiedza kuti ikure zvakanyanya. Kureba kwemiti kwakayerwa vhiki nevhiki, uye kukura kwekukura kwakazoverengerwa nekuongororwa. Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuwirirana kwakajeka pakati pekusimba kwechiedza uye kukura kwechirimwa, nemiti iri pasi pechiedza chepakati mamiriro ichiratidza kuwedzera kwakanyanya kwehurefu. Izvi zvakawanikwa zvinosimbisa basa rakakosha rechiedza mukukura kwezvirimwa uye zvinopa mazano angangove ekugadzirisa maitiro ekurima.

Ichi chiziviso chinonyatso tsanangura magadzirirwo echiedzwa, nzira, mhedzisiro, uye zvakakura zvinorehwa, ichipa zvese zvinodikanwa pasina kupinda mune yakawandisa.

ziviso

Kutevera mhedziso, kuunzwa kwemushumo werabhoritari yako kunowedzera danho rekudzidza kwako. Inoisa hwaro nekutanga nekutarisa kwakafara kwenzvimbo yekutsvagisa uye zvishoma nezvishoma ichidzikisira kuongororo yako chaiyo. Iyi nzira, inowanzonzi "nzira yefaniro," inoronga zvine hungwaru sumo kubva pane zvakajairika kuenda kumubvunzo wakanangana nekutsvaga. Heino maitiro ekugadzirisa sumo yako:

• Tanga zvakafara. Tanga nekutsanangura mamiriro ezvesainzi anogara musoro wetsvagurudzo yako, uchitsanangura kukosha kwayo mumashandisirwo epasirese-chaiwo uye zvinorehwa nedzidziso.
• Nyora pfungwa dzako. Tsanangurai chimiro chetsvakiridzo musoro uri kuferefeta. Ratidza kuti kudzidza kwako kunobatana sei uye kunovaka pamusoro pemamiriro esainzi.
• Tsanangura mubvunzo wekutsvakurudza. Pedzisa chikamu ichi nechirevo chakajeka uye chipfupi chemubvunzo wako wekutsvagisa kana fungidziro, uchiibatanidza zvakananga neruzivo rwakaratidzwa kare.

Muenzaniso we "Effect of light exposure pakukura kwechirimwa":

Tsvagiridzo yemhedzisiro yekusimba kwakasiyana kwechiedza pakukura kwechirimwa inoitwa, ichitarisa pane yakakosha chikamu chechirimwa physiology inokanganisa goho rekurima. Tsvakurudzo yakavhara zvakanyanya simba rechiedza pa photosynthesis; zvisinei, optimal light conditions for the maximum plant growth, especially in kukurumidza kukurumidza marudzi, inoramba iri shoma kuongororwa.tsvakurudzo mamiriro] Kutevera zvakawanikwa naJones naLiu (2018), izvo zvakakurudzira kuwedzera kukura pasi pemamiriro emwenje-akaderera kune zvimwe zvirimwa, chidzidzo ichi chinotapudza chiyero chayo kuzvirimwa zvebhinzi. Iko kusimba kwechiedza kunowedzera kukura kunotemerwa, kusiyanisa neyakakura nzira dzetsvakiridzo yapfuura. [Kuvaka patsvakiridzo yapfuura] Misimboti yephotobiology inoshandiswa kuongorora mhinduro dzekukura pasi pemamiriro akasiyana echiedza. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvidyarwa zvebhinzi zvakafumurwa kune yepakati mwenje kusimba zvicharatidza kukura kwakanyanya, zvichiratidza mwero wakakwana wephotosynthesis. Sezvineiwo, zvinotarisirwa kuti mamiriro emwenje akanyanya-akanyanya kuderera kana akanyanya-anotadzisa kukura nekuda kwekushomeka kwesimba kana kunyanyisa kushushikana pamatishu ezvirimwa. [Theoretical hwaro uye fungidziro]

Uchitevera uyu wakadzama muenzaniso, zvakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti sumo yako yerebhu yakarongeka uye iri nyore kutevera. Funga nezvenzira idzi dzekuvandudza chimiro uye kujeka kwesumo yako:

• Pedzisa nekufungidzira. Pedzisa sumo nokutaura zvakajeka mafungiro ako. Izvi hazvingopedzi chikamu zvakanaka chete asi zvakare chinoisa nhanho yeakadzama nzira uye ongororo inotevera mumushumo wako werabhu.
• Shandisa zvikamu zviduku kuti ujekese. Kuronga sumo yako muzvikamu zviduku zvakadai se“Background,” “Gap retsvakurudzo,” uye “Zvinangwa zveChidzidzo” kunogona kunatsiridza zvikuru kufamba uye kunzwisisa. Iyi nzira yakarongeka inopwanya ruzivo, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kune vaverengi kubata kufambira mberi kubva pane zvakajairika kuenda kune izvo chaizvo zvinangwa zvekutsvaga kwako.

Kushandisa mazano aya kuchabatsira kugadzira sumo inowirirana uye yakanangana iyo inoshanduka zvakanaka kupinda mumutumbi mukuru werebhu yako yerebhu, ichitungamira muverengi wako kuburikidza nekuongorora kwako kwesainzi.

Maitiro ekubatirana emishumo yerabhu inoshanda

Sezvo isu tichisimuka kubva pane zvakanangana nemunhu zvakatsanangurwa mu "Introduction" kuenda kumubatanidzwa wemasimba akakosha mukutsvagisa kwesainzi, zvakakosha kuratidza kuti kushanda pamwe kwechikwata kunotsigira sei kubudirira kwemishumo yerab. Kushandira pamwe kunobudirira kunopfumisa maitiro esainzi uye kunokudziridza hunyanzvi hwekudyidzana. Heano maitiro akakosha e kushanda pamwe chete izvo zvakakosha pakuburitsa emhando yepamusoro lab mishumo:

• Mazano ekukurukurirana. Tsigira kuvhurika uye nguva dzose kutaurirana kuburikidza nemisangano yakarongwa, magwaro akagovaniswa, uye maturusi edhijitari akadai usimbe yekutumira meseji, uye Zoom kumisangano chaiyo. Aya mapuratifomu anogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kushanda kwechikwata. Taura zvakajeka mabasa uye mabasa ekuona kuti nhengo yese yechikwata inonzwisisa mabasa avo. Kugara uchigadziridza uye kutarisa-mukati kunogona kudzivirira kusanzwisisana uye kuchengetedza lab repoti purojekiti iri munzira.
• Maitiro ekugovana data. Shandisa cloud storage uye purojekiti manejimendi maturusi senge Google Drive, Dropbox, kana Microsoft OneDrive kugovera data uye zvigadziriso zvisina musono pakati penhengo dzechikwata. Uyezve, mapuratifomu ekutonga kweprojekiti akafanana Trello, Asana, kana Microsoft Team inogona kubatsira kuronga mabasa uye nguva. Ita shuwa kuti data rese rakanyorwa zvakajeka uye kuchengetwa mumafomati anowanikwa nyore kune wese anobatanidzwa. Aya maitiro akakosha kuchengetedza kuperera kwedata uye kuwanikwa, zvinhu zvakakosha pakubudirira kwemapurojekiti emubatanidzwa werabhoritari.
• Kugadzirisa kukakavadzana. Isa nzira dzakajeka dzekugadzirisa kusawirirana mukati mechikwata. Kurudzira tsika yekuremekedza uye kubuda pachena, kukurudzira nhengo dzechikwata kuti dzitaure maonero akasiyana pasina kutya kudzorwa. Pazvinenge zvakakodzera, shandisai nzira dzekuyananisa kugadzirisa makakatanwa nenzira inovaka, muchiva nechokwadi chekuti manzwi ese anonzwika uye mhinduro dzinowanikwa pamwe chete.
• Kuvaka nzvimbo yekubatana. Kusimudzira nharaunda yekudyidzana kunovandudza kunaka kwerebhu reshumo uye kunovaka hunyanzvi hwekushandira pamwe. Kana nhengo dzechikwata dzichishanda pamwe chete zvakanaka, dzinogona kuwana zvakawanda kupfuura huwandu hwezvikamu zvadzo, zvichitungamira kune zvimwe zvitsva uye zvakakwana zvetsvagiridzo.

Maitiro ekuedza

Mushure mekutsanangura masimba ekubatana akakosha pakutsvagisa kwesainzi, tinoshandura tarisiro kune yakarongwa nzira dzinoshandiswa mukuyedza maitiro. Ichi chikamu chakakosha sezvo chinonyatso tsanangura maitiro ese akaitwa panguva yekuyedza. Rondedzero, yakanyorwa munguva yakapfuura, inoburitsa humbowo hunodiwa kuti ibvumidzwe nesainzi uye inova nechokwadi chekuti kuyedza kunogona kudzokororwa uye kuongororwa nemazvo.

Ongororo yekugadzira

Madhizaini ekuyedza akakosha pakuronga tsvakiridzo yesainzi. Inotsanangura kuti kuyedza kuchamiswa sei uye kuti misiyano ichaenzaniswa sei. Iyi nzira yakakosha kuderedza kurerekera uye kuve nechokwadi chemhedzisiro. Zvichienderana nemhando yechidzidzo, magadzirirwo akasiyana anogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa chaiyo mibvunzo yetsvakiridzo zvinobudirira. Semuenzaniso, pakati-zvidzidzo dhizaini inowanzoshandiswa kudzidza mhedzisiro yemamiriro akasiyana pamapoka akasiyana, kuderedza njodzi yekuvhiringidza uye kutakura-pamusoro mhedzisiro inogona kukanganisa mhedzisiro.

Muenzaniso we 'Effect of light exposure pakukura kwechirimwa':

Zvidyarwa zvebhinzi zvakarongedzerwa mumapoka matatu akasiyana zvichienderana nedanho rekuratidzwa kwechiedza-pasi, chepakati nepamusoro. Iyi nzira yaibvumira boka rimwe nerimwe kuti rionekwe chete kuchiedza charo chakananga panguva yekudzidza. Kuseta kwakadaro kwakakosha pakuyera nemazvo kuti kusimba kwemwenje kwakasiyana kunokanganisa sei kukura kwechirimwa, mubvunzo wakakosha muphotobiology unoongorora kuti chiedza chinopesvedzera sei zvipenyu. Kunzwisisa mhedzisiro iyi kwakakosha pakugadzirisa mamiriro mune zvekurima, kunyanya mune inodzorwa-yemamiriro ekurima.

Zvidzidzo

Paunenge uchidonongodza zvidzidzo zvekuyedza kwako, zvakakosha kudoma hunhu hwazvo hwakakodzera. Izvi zvinosanganisira ruzivo rwedemographic kana genetic yezvidzidzo zvevanhu kana mhuka, uye zvakaita semarudzi, akasiyana, uye akakosha hunhu hwetsvakiridzo yebotanical kana ecological. Pamusoro pezvo, taura zvakajeka nhamba yezvidzidzo kana sampuli muboka rega rega rekuyedza kujekesa chiyero chechidzidzo.

Muenzaniso we "Effect of light exposure pakukura kwechirimwa":

Mukuedza uku, Phaseolus vulgaris (zvakajairwa bhinzi zvirimwa) zvakasarudzwa sezvidzidzo nekuda kwekukura kwavo nekukurumidza uye kutaura kunzwisiswa kuchiedza, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakanaka pakudzidza mhinduro dzephotobiological. Kuti ive nechokwadi chekuenzanisa kuongorora kwakasimba mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana echiedza, zvidyarwa gumi neshanu zvakashandiswa mune rimwe nerimwe remapoka matatu-yakaderera, yepakati, uye yakakwirira chiedza. Izvi zvinomera zvaive yunifomu, zvese zvakatorwa kubva kune imwechete inbred mutsara, kuve nechokwadi chekuti chero misiyano inocherekedzwa mukukura inogona kuve yakavimbika kune yekuedza mamiriro echiedza pane kukonzeresa kusiyana kwemajini. Kudzora uku kwakakosha mukupatsanura mabatiro chaiwo ekuvhenekerwa kwechiedza pakukura kwechirimwa, zvichipa ruzivo rwakanyanya rwekuti kusimba kwechiedza kunokanganisa sei goho rekurima.

Materials

Chikamu chezvishandiso chemushumo werabhoritari chinofanira kunyora zvizere zvese zvishandiso uye zvekushandisa zvinoshandiswa mukuyedza kuti ive nechokwadi chekudzokorora. Batanidza zvinobatika, zviridzwa, uye chero hunyanzvi zvishandiso, zvichipa tsananguro yakadzama uye maratidziro pazvinenge zvichidikanwa.

Semuyenzaniso, mu “Effect of Light Exposure on Plant Growth Rates,” zvinhu chaizvo zvinodiwa kudzora uye kuyera zvinosiyana zvinokanganisa kukura kwechirimwa. Heino runyoro rwakadzama rwakagadzirirwa ichi chidzidzo:

45 mhodzi dzebhinzi (Phaseolus vulgaris): Yakasarudzwa kuti ifanane muhukuru uye hutano kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mamiriro ekutanga anoenderana mumapoka ese ekuedzwa. Kuumba ivhu: Musanganiswa wakamisikidzwa wakasarudzwa mukukodzera kwayo kukura kwechirimwa chemukati, kuve nechokwadi chemamiriro evhu akafanana mumapoka akasiyana ekuedza. 15 hari dzekudyara: Poto imwe neimwe inoyera 15 cm muhupamhi, ichipa nzvimbo yakakwana yekukura kwega kwechirimwa chimwe nechimwe. Magetsi anokura akazara-spectrum: Gadzirira kumasimba matatu akasiyana kuti uise mamiriro emwenje akasiyana emapoka ekuedza — 200 lux (yakaderera), 500 lux (pakati), uye 800 lux (yakakwirira). Sarudzo yeaya akanyanya kusimba yaive yakavakirwa pakutsvagisa kwekutanga kunoratidza kuti masanji aya anopa akanyanya magradients ekudzidza mwenje intensity mhedzisiro. Lux mita: Inoshandiswa kuona kuti kusimba kwechiedza chaicho boka rega rega rechirimwa rakagashirwa rinoenderana nekuyedza dhizaini zvinodiwa. Vatongi: Inoshandiswa kuyera chaizvo kukura kwechirimwa mukati mekuyedza.

Iri rondedzero yakadzama yezvishandiso uye mashandisiro azvo inosimbisa kungwarira kudzora kwezvakasiyana zvakakosha pakuongorora mhedzisiro yekuratidzwa kwechiedza pakukura kwechirimwa. Nekupa izvi zvakanangana, iyo yekumisikidza setup inojekeswa uye inogona kudzokororwa nemazvo.

Mamiriro ekuedza

Kuchengeta inodzorwa kuyedza mamiriro kwakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti mhedzisiro yaunoona iri zvakanangana nekuda kwekusiyana kuri kuedzwa. Mukuedza kukura kwechirimwa, zvakakosha zvezvakatipoteredza zvakaita setembiricha, humidity, uye kutenderera kwechiedza zvinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya mhedzisiro uye zvinoda kunyatsotarisirwa.

Muenzaniso we "Effect of light exposure pakukura kwechirimwa":

Muchidzidzo ichi, kuyedza kwakaitwa munzvimbo yakanyatso kudzorwa kuti iparadzanise mhedzisiro yekuratidzwa kwechiedza pakukura kwechirimwa. Tembiricha yaichengetedzwa pa24 ℃, chinhanho chinozivikanwa kutsigira kukura kwakanyanya kwemarudzi mazhinji ezvirimwa zvakajairika, kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvinosiyana zvinopisa hazvina kukanganisa mhedzisiro. Humidity yakaitwa yakatsiga pa60%, iyo inobatsira kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwakanyanya kubva muvhu nemashizha, chinhu chakakosha kuchengetedza mamiriro ekukura anoenderana. Kuratidzwa kwechiedza, kusiyanisa kwekutanga pasi pekuferefetwa, kwakasiyana-siyana mumapoka ekuedza. Zvidyarwa zvakaratidzwa kuchiedza che200 lux, 500 lux, uye 800 lux kune yakaderera, yepakati, uye yakakwirira-yakanyanya mapoka, zvichiteerana. Aya mazinga akasarudzwa kuti avhare huwandu kubva pazasi-chakanyanya kusvika kumusoro-chakanyanya kuratidzwa kwechiedza, sezvakakurudzirwa nemabhuku ekutanga, kuona mamiriro akakwana echiedza chekukura kwechirimwa. Uyezve, boka rega rega raigamuchira maawa gumi nemaviri echiedza pazuva, vachitevedzera kutenderera kwechiedza chepanyama, izvo zvakakosha pakuchengetedza mitiro yezvirimwa zvecircadian.

Aya mamiriro aigara achiongororwa uye akagadziriswa sezvinodiwa panguva yekuedza. Uku kungwarira kutonga kwezvinhu zvakatipoteredza kunovimbisa kuti chero misiyano mukukura kwechirimwa inogona kunyatsobatanidzwa nemazinga ekuvhenekerwa kwechiedza, zvichiita kuti mhedzisiro yacho ishande uye yakavimbika.

Dzokuvhiyiwa

Ichi chikamu chemushumo werabhoritari chinotsanangura matanho akatorwa kuti kuyedza kudzokororwe nemazvo. Zvakakosha kutsanangura maitiro aya zvakajeka uye muchidimbu, uchipa ruzivo rwakakwana rwekudzokorora uchidzivirira ruzivo rwakanyanyisa rwunogona kuremedza muverengi.

Muenzaniso we "Effect of light exposure pakukura kwechirimwa":

Mukuedza, mhodzi yebhinzi yakadyarwa muhari yega yega, imwe neimwe yakazadzwa nehuwandu hwakaenzana hwevhu remuhari kuitira kuti ivhu rive rakafanana. Mapoto aya akaiswa mukamuri inodzorwa yemhoteredzo kuti itsigire kumera, panguva iyo tembiricha nehunyoro hwaichengetedzwa zvine hungwaru pamwero wakakwana. Mushure mekumera, mbesa dzakawandisa dzakatetepa, zvichisiya chirimwa chimwe chete papoto. Iyi nhanho yaive yakakosha kubvisa makwikwi ezviwanikwa zvakaita sechiedza, chikafu, uye nzvimbo, kuve nechokwadi chekuti chero misiyano inoonekwa mukukura inogona kuve yakanangana nekusiyana kwemamiriro emwenje. Miti yacho yakabva yagoverwa kumapoka avo-yakaderera, yepakati, uye yakakwirira yechiedza-maererano nekugadzirwa kwekuedza. Munguva yose yemazuva makumi matatu ekudzidza, urefu hwechirimwa chimwe nechimwe chaiyerwa vhiki nevhiki kubva pazasi pepoto kusvika pamusoro pedzinde guru pachishandiswa rura. Zviyero zvaigara zvichitorwa panguva imwe chete vhiki imwe neimwe kuti zvive nechokwadi chekururama. Uku kugaro tarisa kwaive kwakakosha pakutevera mazinga ekukura ane chekuita nekuratidzwa kwakasiyana kwemwenje.

Nekudonongodza nhanho imwe neimwe kubva pakudyara kusvika kumatanho ekuyerwa, kuedza kunoratidza nzira yakarongeka yekuongorora mhedzisiro yemazinga echiedza pakukura kwechirimwa, ichibvumira kudzokorora kwakajeka uye kuongororwa kwezviwanikwa.

Data analysis

Chikamu chekuongorora data chemushumo werabhoritari chinofanira kujekesa nzira dzenhamba dzinoshandiswa kududzira data rakaunganidzwa panguva yekuyedza. Izvo zvakakosha kudonongodza iyo chaiyo nhamba bvunzo dzakashandiswa, pamwe nechero software kana maturusi akafambisa ongororo, kuve nechokwadi chekuti maitiro ari pachena uye anodzokororwa.

Muenzaniso we "Effect of light exposure pakukura kwechirimwa":

Muchidzidzo ichi, data yekukura yakaunganidzwa yakaongororwa uchishandisa Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Iyi bvunzo yenhamba inonyanya kushanda pakuenzanisa nzira mumapoka anopfuura maviri uye saka yakasarudzwa kuti iongorore mutsauko wemhinduro dzekukura pasi pemamiriro epasi, epakati, uye akakwirira. Iyo ANOVA yakabatsira kuona kana mutsauko wekukura kwezvirimwa waive wakakosha. Kutevera yekutanga ANOVA, bvunzo dzepost-hoc dzakaitwa kuratidza misiyano chaiyo pakati pemaviri emapoka ekuvhenekesa chiedza. Iyi bvunzo yakakosha kuti unzwisise kuti ndeapi mazinga ekusimba kwechiedza anokanganisa zvakanyanya kukura kwechirimwa zvichienzaniswa nezvimwe. Ongororo dzese dzenhamba dzakaitwa pachishandiswa advanced statistical software, kuwedzera kurongeka uye kuvimbika kwemhedzisiro. Iyi nzira yakasimba yekuongorora data inovimbisa kuti zvakawanikwa hazvingopi nzwisiso yakajeka mumhedzisiro yekusiyana-siyana kuvhenekwa kwechiedza pakukura kwechirimwa asi zvakare inodzokororwa mune zvidzidzo zvenguva yemberi, zvichibatsira zvakanyanya kumunda wechirimwa photobiology.

Kuchinjira nzira kuti dzienderane nemiedzo chaiyo

Maitiro emushumo werabhoritari anofanirwa kuenderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo zvechiyedzo uye kusangana nechero nhungamiro inopihwa nevakuru vedzidzo kana kuburitsa. Hazvisi zviedzo zvese zvinoda kutsanangurwa kwakazara kwechikamu chega chega chinokurukurwa. Pazasi pane gwara rakapfupikiswa rekuti riini rekubatanidza mamwe maitiro ezvikamu:

• Ongororo yekugadzira. Yakakosha mumishumo yese yerabhu, inoratidza chimiro chekutsvagisa uye inofanirwa kugara ichiverengerwa.
• Zvidzidzo. Kunodiwa kana chidzidzo ichi chichibatanidza zvipenyu (vanhu, mhuka, kana chirimwa); kana zvisina kudaro, inogona kusvetuka kana kucherechedzwa muchidimbu.
• Materials. Zvakakosha kune zvese zviedzo kuti ive nechokwadi chekuenderana; sanganisira runyoro rwakadzama rwezvinhu zvese zvakashandiswa.
• Mamiriro ekuedza. Batanidza kana zvinhu zvezvakatipoteredza zvichiita basa rakakosha mumigumisiro yekuedza.
• Dzokuvhiyiwa. Rondedzera zvakajeka matanho akatorwa panguva yekuedza kubvumira kudzokorora kwakaringana. Ichi chikamu chinofanirwa kutsanangurwa zvakakwana kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti vamwe vanokwanisa kuburitsa zvabuda asi zvakapfupika zvakakwana kudzivirira ruzivo rwekunze. Izvo zvakakosha pakuratidza chokwadi chekuyedza uye nezvinangwa zvekudzidzisa.
• Data analysis. Rondedzera bvunzo dzenhamba uye zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa kuongorora data; chikamu ichi chakakosha kunzwisisa kuti mhedziso dzakatorwa sei kubva kune data.

Kudzora kwemhando mumishumo yeLab

Mushure mekuongorora nzira dzekuyedza zvakadzama, zvakakosha kuti utarise pamatanho ekudzora emhando anotsigira kuvimbika kwezvawawana mumarebhu erebhu. Kuchengeta chokwadi chepamusoro uye kuvimbika mukushuma kwesainzi kwakakosha-ndicho chikamu chakakosha chekutsvaga kwakavimbika. Ichi chikamu chinotsanangura matanho akakosha anodiwa kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti data raunounganidza reshumo yako yerabhu rinoshanda uye rakavimbika:

• Calibration yemidziyo. Zvakakosha kugara uchitarisa uye kugadzirisa zviridzwa sezvikero, pH metres, uye mamwe maturusi esainzi. Kugadzirisa kwakaringana kunoita kuti maturusi aya akwane mazinga anodiwa, achikupa zviyero zvakakoshera kune zvinodzokororwa zviedzo.
• Kudzokororwa kwemigumisiro. Kuti uratidze kuti kuedza kwako kwakavimbika, unofanira kukwanisa kuzvidzokorora pasi pemamiriro akafanana uye kuwana mhinduro dzinoenderana. Uku kudzokororwa kunosimbisa kuti zvaunowana zvinovimbika.
• Ongororo yevezera yezviwanikwa. Usati wapedza kana kuburitsa zvawawana, zvinofanirwa kuongororwa nedzimwe nyanzvi mumunda. Iyi yekuongorora maitiro inoongorora dhizaini yako yekuedza, mashandisirwo ayo, uye kuti wakadudzira sei zvabuda, zvichibatsira kuvandudza chidzidzo uye kuve nechokwadi. kugumisa zvine ruzha.

Kuita maitiro aya hakungonatsiridza kuvimbika kwemushumo werabhu asiwo kunosimbisa kukosha kwesainzi kwetsvagiridzo. Nekuomerera kune idzi nhungamiro, vaongorori vanova nechokwadi chekuti basa ravo rinopa zvakavimbika kunharaunda yesainzi.

Kugadzirisa matambudziko akajairika mumalab report

Kuvaka pamusoro penhaurirano yedu yehudzoro hwemhando mumarebhu erebhu, zvakakoshawo kugadzirisa magadzirisiro asingatarisirwe anowanzo kumuka panguva yekuedza uku. Ichi chikamu chemushumo werabhoritari chinopa nzira dzinoshanda dzekuona nekugadzirisa matambudziko akajairika, kuve nechokwadi chekuvimbika uye kuvimbika kwemhedzisiro yako yekuedza:

• Kuziva kwakabva kukanganisa. Gara uchiongorora maturusi ako ezvikanganiso zvecalibration uye ona kuti zvese zvinoshandiswa zvinosangana nezvinodiwa kune yako lab report. Ramba wakangwarira kukanganisa kwevanhu, kusanganisira kusarurama mukuyera uye kunyora, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya data.
• Kuita zvigadziriso panhunzi. Iva wakagadzirira kushandura mushumo wako wekuyedza kuseta kana ukasangana nemhedzisiro isingatarisirwe kana kutadza kwemidziyo. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kugadziridza zviridzwa, kutsiva zvikamu zvakatyoka, kana kushandura magadzirirwo ekuedzwa kuti aenderane nezvaunoona.
• Kusarudza nguva yekudzokorora chiedzo. Zvakakosha kuziva nguva yekutanga kuyedza pamusoro pemushumo wako werabhu kana zvinhu zvisina kufamba sezvakarongwa. Iwe unofanirwa kufunga nezve kudzokorora kuyedza kana mibairo yakasiyana zvakanyanya kubva pane zvawaitarisira, kana kana dambudziko remidziyo ririkuenderera ringave rakakanganisa mhedzisiro.

Nekuzvigadzirira neaya mazano ekugadzirisa matambudziko emushumo werabhoritari yako, unovandudza kugona kwako kufamba kuburikidza nezvipingamupinyi zvebasa rekuyedza, izvo zvakakosha pakusimbisa chokwadi uye kuvimbika kwezvawawana.

Mhedzisiro yemhedzisiro

Ichi chikamu chemushumo wako werabhoritari chinopa zvakawanikwa kubva muongororo yako yekuyedza. Izvo zvakakosha kuratidza zvakajeka kuti data rinotsigira sei kana kupikisa pfungwa dzako dzekutanga, kugadzira chinongedzo chine musoro kubva munzira dzinoshandiswa kune zvakaonekwa. Heino mibairo mikuru yekusanganisa:

• Zvinotsanangurwa nhamba. Ipa zviverengero zvakakosha senge nzira, midhiya, kana modhi pazvinoshanda.
• Mhinduro dze statistical tests. Ipa ruzivo pamusoro pezvabuda chero bvunzo dzenhamba dzakaitwa, senge t-bvunzo kana ANOVAs.
• Kukosha kwebvunzo mhinduro. Tsanangura iyo p-values ​​kana mamwe matanho ekukosha kwehuwandu hunoratidza kuvimbika kwemhedzisiro yako.
• Zvinofungidzirwa kusiyana. Sanganisira zviyero zvakaita sekukanganisa kwakajairika, kutsauswa kwakajairwa, kana nguva dzekusatendeseka kuti upe ruzivo mukusiyana kwedata.

Muenzaniso we "Effect of light exposure pakukura kwechirimwa":

Avhareji yekukura kwezvirimwa zvakafumurwa kune yakaderera, yepakati, uye yakakwirira chiedza mamiriro aive 2 cm, 5 cm, uye 3.5 cm pasvondo, zvichiteerana. An Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) yakashandiswa kuongorora kukanganiswa kwechiedza chakasimba pakukura kwechirimwa, zvichiratidza kusiyana kwakakosha (p = .01) pakati pemapoka. Miedzo yakatevera ye-post-hoc yakasimbisa iyo yekutanga hypothesis: zvidyarwa zviri pakati nepakati mwenje mamiriro airatidza kukura kwakakura zvichienzaniswa neayo ari pasi pepasi uye nepamusoro mwenje mamiriro, ayo anotsigira kufungidzira kwedu maererano nemwenje wakakwana wekukura kwechirimwa.

Mumushumo werabhoritari, tsanangura zvakajeka zvabuda muzvinyorwa, uye shandisa matafura kana manhamba kuratidza nemeso data yakaoma uye kuratidza mapatani kana maitiro awakaona. Kuti uwane ruzivo rwakadzama senge nhamba dzisina kubikwa, unogona kutaura idzi muchikamu che "Appendices" chemushumo wako werabhoritari. Nenzira iyi, rondedzero yako inogara iri nyore kuverenga ichiri kupa zvese zvinodiwa.

Pazviedzo zvinosanganisira nzira dzakadzama, sanganisira mimwe mienzaniso yekuverenga. Tsanangura kuti sei masvomhu aya aidiwa woaratidza uchishandisa zviratidzo uye notation zviri nyore kunzwisisa. Izvi zvinobatsira kuti nzira dzekuongorora dhata mumushumo wako werabhu dzive nyore kunzwisisa.

Kuongorora uye kupa data

Mushure mekukurukura mhedzisiro yekuyedza, zvakakosha kududzira uye kutaurirana zvinorehwa nemhedzisiro iyi. Ichi chikamu chinotarisa pazvishandiso uye matekiniki ekuongorora data data uye kuratidzwa kwekuona mushumo wako werabhoritari. Kushandiswa kwakakodzera kweidzi nzira kunovimbisa huchokwadi mukududzira uye kujeka mukushuma, kuita kuti data rako rinzwisiswe uye kutsigira tsvakiridzo yako zvinobudirira.

Statistical analysis tools

Kusarudza maturusi akakodzera kwakakosha pakuongorora kwakasimba kwedata mukutsvagisa kwesainzi. Heino mhedziso yeimwe inowanzoshandiswa statistical software inogona kuvandudza kudzika kwekuongorora kweshumo yako yelab:

• SPSS. Inozivikanwa nekusarudzika kwayo mushandisi, SPSS yakakodzera kune avo vatsva kuhurongwa uye inoita yakajairwa bvunzo dzenhamba zvinobudirira, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo inoshanda kune akawanda lab mishumo.
• R. Inopa mapakeji akakura ekuongororwa kwenhamba uye mifananidzo yemifananidzo. Inoda ruzivo rwekuronga asi inochinjika zvakanyanya, yakanakira mishumo yerabhu inoda yakadzama yehuwandu hwekuenzanisira.
• Python. Yakakwana yekuongorora kwakadzama data, Python inosanganisira maraibhurari akadai sePandas uye SciPy, ayo akanakira kubata mahombe dataset uye kuita ongororo yepamusoro. Python yakanakirawo kubatanidza yakadzama yekuongorora dhata neyakakura data kugadzirisa mabasa, kuvandudza kunzwisisika kwelab mishumo.

Sarudzo yechishandiso inoenderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo uye kuomarara kwedata rako reshumo. Zviwanikwa zvakawanda zvepamhepo, zvinosanganisira zvidzidzo uye maforamu, aripo kuti akubatsire kugona maturusi aya emushumo wako werabhu.

Kuratidzwa kwedata uye kuona

Kunyatso ratidza data rako kwakakosha sekuongorora pachayo. Heano maitiro akanakisa ekuona zvawawana mukutsvagisa mune yako lab report:

• Kusarudza mhando chaiyo yechati kana girafu. Batanidza maturusi ekuona kune yako data rudzi uye rondedzero yerebhoti yako yerabhu. Shandisa mabhawa machati ekuenzanisa, mitsetse girafu kuratidza mafambiro, uye kuparadzira zvirongwa kuratidza hukama.
• Kuita kuti data ionekwe. Dzivisa kukanganisa muzviratidzo zvako. Shandisa mavara akajeka, ngano, uye misiyano yeruvara inobudirira kuita kuti magirafu ako ave nyore kunzwisisa kune wese munhu, kusanganisira ayo ane matambudziko ekuona. Iyi nhanho yakakosha pakubatanidzwa uye hunyanzvi hweshumo yako yerabhu.
• Kushandisa software zvishandiso. Shandisa zvishandiso seMicrosoft Excel, Google Charts, kana Tafura yekugadzira zviono zvehunyanzvi uye zvine hungwaru. Aya maturusi anogadzika akasiyana mazinga ehunyanzvi uye anovandudza kukwezva kwekuona kweshumo yako yerabhu.

Kuita nzira idzi kuchavandudza mashandiro ehuratidziro yako yedata, kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvakawanikwa mumushumo wako werabhoritari zvinowanika uye zvinokanganisa.

Hurukuro yezviwanikwa

Chimwe chezvikamu zvekupedzisira zvemushumo werabhoritari yako, iyo "Kukurukurirana", inopa mukana wekududzira zvawawana, kuratidza kufunga kwakadzama, uye kukurukura zvakakura zvinorehwa nekuedza kwako. Ichi chikamu chemushumo werabhoritari chinobatanidza mibairo yako kune yekutanga hypotheses uye yakafara mamiriro ekutsvagisa kuripo. Hezvino zvinhu zvakakosha zvekugadzirisa:

• Dudziro yemhedzisiro. Tsanangura zvakajeka kuti zvakawanikwa zvinopindura sei mubvunzo wako wekutsvagisa. Iyo data yakatsigira fungidziro yako yekutanga nezve mhedzisiro yekufumurwa kwakasiyana kwemwenje pakukura kwechirimwa?
• Kuenzanisa nezvinotarisirwa. Enzanisa zvakaonekwa nezvaunotarisira kana fungidziro. Mibairo yako inopindirana sei kana kusiyana nezvidzidzo zvekare kana mafambiro anotarisirwa muphotobiology?
• Kwakabva kukanganisa. Ziva zvikanganiso zvingangove zvakapesvedzera zviwanikwa zvako, senge zvisingakwanisike zvemidziyo, kukanganisa kwemaitiro, kana zvinhu zvekunze zvisina kudzorwa panguva yekuyedza.
• Zvawanikwa zvisingatarisirwi. Kurukura chero maitiro asingatarisirwe kana mapoinzi data uye kurudzira zvikonzero zvekuitika kwavo. Funga kuti izvi zvakawanikwa zvingabatsira sei tsvakurudzo yeramangwana.
• Kuvandudzwa uye kumwe kutsvakurudza. Ratidza kuti zviedzo zveramangwana zvinganatsa sei mhinduro idzi. Kurukurai zvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kudzorwa kana kuyerwa zvinogona kupa muono wakadzama.

Kunyorera ku "Effect of light exposure pakukura kwechirimwa":

Zvatakawana zvakaratidza kuti zvidyarwa zvakafumurwa kune mwenje wepakati mamiriro aive nekukura zvakanyanya kukura zvichienzaniswa neaya ari pasi uye nepamusoro mwenje mamiriro, achitsigira yedu yekutanga hypothesis. Izvi zvinoratidza kusimba kwechiedza chekuwedzera kukura, kuenderana nemisimboti yephotobiology inoona chiedza sechinhu chakakosha mukukura kwechirimwa. Kusiyana nezvaitarisirwa, zvinomera zviri muchiedza chepamusoro hazvina kuita sezvaitarisirwa. Kutsauka uku kunogona kunge kuri nekuda kwekugona kuvharika, uko kupenya kwakanyanya kunokanganisa maitiro ephotosynthesis, zvichipokana nezvimwe zvidzidzo zvekare asi zvichitsigirwa nezvimwe mumhando dzezvirimwa. Muganho wakacherechedzwa waive mukana wekusiyana kwemhinduro dzechirimwa chimwe nekuda kwekusadzora kwezvakatipoteredza, sekuchinja kudiki kwekushisa kwekamuri. Zvidzidzo zvenguva yemberi zvinogona kusanganisira huwandu hwakakura hwekutonga kwezvakatipoteredza kana kuongorora marudzi akasiyana ezvirimwa kuti agadzirise zvakawanikwa zvakanyanya. Kusimba kwechidzidzo kwaisanganisira kudzora kwakasimba kwemamiriro echiedza uye nzira yekuyera yakarongeka, ichipa hwaro hwakavimbika hwekuenzanisa kukura kwemamiriro akasiyana emwenje. Zvakadaro, chidzidzo ichi chinogona kukwidziridzwa nekubatanidza kuyerwa kwemamwe maparamita ekukura, senge saizi yeshizha uye chlorophyll zvirimo, kuti ipe maonero akazara ehutano hwezvirimwa kupfuura kungowedzera urefu.

Mhedziso yemushumo werabhoritari

Mhedziso inoshanda sechinyorwa chemushumo werabhoritari yako, ichipfupisa zvakawanikwa zvakakosha zvekuyedza kwako. Muchikamu chino, simbisa zvakakosha zvakabuda, dzokorora simba rekuedza uye kusasimba, uye kurukura zvinorehwa netsvagurudzo yeramangwana. Apa ndipo paunofanirwa kusimbisa muchidimbu kuti mhedzisiro yako inogadzirisa sei mibvunzo yekutanga yekutsvagisa uye fungidziro, uchiratidza mabatiro avanoita kuboka riripo reruzivo.

Nepo mamwe mishumo yerabhu inogona kusasanganisira chikamu chakasiyana che "Mhedziso" nekuda kwekugona kwavo kupindirana ne "Kukurukurirana," zvakakosha kuti usimbise nemudzidzisi wako kana nhungamiro yakapihwa. Kana yasanganisirwa, mhedziso haifanire kungodzokorora ruzivo kubva mu“Kukurukurirana” asi kuti ibudise pachena mipiro yesainzi yese yezvidzidzo uye zvazvinoreva, zvichipa nzvimbo dzekuenderera mberi nekuongorora.

Muenzaniso we "Effect of light exposure pakukura kwechirimwa":

Mukupedzisa, chidzidzo ichi chakaratidza kuti mwenje wepakati mamiriro anosimudzira zvakanyanya kukura muPhaseolus vulgaris zvidyarwa. Izvi zvakawanikwa zvinotsigira fungidziro yekuti kune yakanyanya kujeka kusimba kwekuwedzera kukura kwechirimwa, iyo inofambirana nemisimboti yephotobiology maererano nechiedza sechinhu chakakosha mukukura kwechirimwa. Mamiriro akadzorwa ekuedza uye kurongeka kwekukura kuyerwa kwakabatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuvimbika kwemhedzisiro iyi. Nekudaro, chidziviso chechidzidzo chiri mukutarisisa kwayo pamhando yechirimwa chimwe uye kukura parameter. Tsvagiridzo yeramangwana inogona kuwedzera zvakawanikwa izvi nekuongorora mhando dzakasiyana uye zvimwe zviratidzo zvekukura, senge biomass kuunganidza, kuwedzera kuwanda kweizvi mhedzisiro. Kusimbisa mapatani aya mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana uye marudzi kunopa ruzivo rwakadzama mukushandiswa kwakakwana kwechiedza mukurima.

Natsiridza mushumo wako werabhu nemasevhisi edu

Mushure mekupedza mhedziso dzemushumo werabhoritari yako, kuve nechokwadi chechokwadi uye kujeka kwegwaro rako kwakakosha pakubudirira kwedzidzo uye nehunyanzvi. Yedu yakazara suite yemasevhisi yakagadzirirwa kutsigira izvi zvinodiwa:

• Plagiarism anotarisa. Yedu yepamusoro yekuongorora yekunyepedzera inopa yakadzama yakafanana mamakisi, yakakosha pakuona basa rako kubva kune iripo sainzi zvinyorwa. Yepamberi scoring algorithms inoona zvisizvo zviitiko zvekubira, uye ngozi yekubira inoongorora mukana wekuti zvikamu zveshumo yako zvionekwe sezvisiri izvo. Yedu yakadzama ongororo yekuongorora inoita kuti mareferensi ese anyatso zivikanwa uye akanyorwa nemazvo, zvakakosha pakuchengetedza kuvimbika uye kuvimbika mukunyora kwesainzi.
• Kubviswa kwePlagiarism. Vapepeti vedu vane hunyanzvi vanonyatso ongorora uye kugadzirisa mushumo wako nekudzima zvikamu zvinonetsa, kuwedzera zvisipo, kunyora zvakare zvirimo nemazvo, uye kugadzirisa zvisina kufanira. Iyi nzira yakazara inoita kuti basa rako rirambe rakamira kumazinga epamusoro ekutendeseka kwedzidzo, kugadzirira rondedzero yako yekuongorora kwakadzama kwedzidzo uye kuve nechokwadi kwekwairi.
• Kudzokororwa kwegwaro. Simudza mhando yemushumo wako werabhoritari nesevhisi yedu yekudzokorora sevhisi, iyo inosanganisira kuverenga kwakadzama uye kugadzirisa kwakazara kuvandudza girama, chimiro, kuwirirana, uye kuyerera. Vapepeti vedu vane hunyanzvi vanoomerera kumazinga epamusoro ekupepeta, kukwenenzvera gwaro rako kuita chidimbu chakajeka uye chinomanikidza chekutaurirana kwesainzi.

Zvishandiso izvi zvakagadzirirwa kuvandudza kunaka kwerebhu reshumo yako uye kuve nechokwadi kuti inomira pachena muzvidzidzo uye nehunyanzvi ongororo. Shandisa masevhisi edu kuita kuti kutaurirana kwako kwesainzi kuve kwakajeka uye kunobatsira.

Pfungwa dzekupedzisa pakugadzirira mushumo werabhoritari unoshanda

Kuziva hunyanzvi hwekunyora yakazara uye inoshanda mushumo werabhu kwakakosha kune chero mudzidzi mune sainzi. Gwaro iri rakakufambisa iwe nenhanho yega yega yakakosha yelab report process, kubva pakuronga nekuita zviedzo kusvika pakuongorora data nekupa zvawawana. Nekunzwisisa nekushandisa misimboti yatsanangurwa pano, unosimudzira hunyanzvi hwako hwedzidzo uye gadzirira izvo zvakaoma zvinodikanwa zvekutsvagisa kwesainzi mumamiriro ezvinhu epasirese. Gamuchira aya madhairekitori kukwidziridza hunyanzvi hwako hwekushuma lab uye nekupa nechivimbo kunharaunda yesainzi. Nekuzvipira uye kudzidzira, unogona kushandura mushumo wese werabhu kuita mukana wekudzidza uye nekukura kwehunyanzvi.