Ukuphepha iimpazamo zesivakalisi eziqhelekileyo: Iingcebiso zokubhala ngcono

Ukuqonda iinuances zesakhiwo sezivakalisi kubalulekile ekulungiseleleni ukubhala okucacileyo nokunyanzelisayo. Eli nqaku libonelela ngezicwangciso zokulungisa iimpazamo zesivakalisi eziqhelekileyo ezifana nezivakalisi eziqhutywe kunye namaqhekeza, ukuphucula ukucaca kunye nokusebenza.

Ngaphaya kolandelelwano lwamagama olusisiseko, esi sikhokelo siphengulula kubugcisa beziphumlisi kunye nolungelelwaniso lwamagama ngobuchule, izakhono eziyimfuneko kunxibelelwano olusebenzayo. Ngokufunda indlela yokujongana nezi mpazamo zesivakalisi, uya kuphucula ukucaca kunye nefuthe lokubhala kwakho. Lungiselela ukuguqula indlela yakho yokwakhiwa kwezivakalisi, uqinisekise igama ngalinye kunye nebinzana lidlulisela umyalezo wakho ocwangcisiweyo ngokuchanekileyo.

Ukuchonga iimpazamo zesivakalisi eziqhelekileyo ngokubhala

Kweli candelo, sijongana neentlobo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zeempazamo zesivakalisi ezihlala zivela ngokubhaliweyo:

• Izivakalisi ezibalekayo. Oku kwenzeka xa iinxalenye zesivakalisi zidityaniswe ngokungachanekanga ngenxa yeziphumlisi ezingafanelekanga, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni kungacaci.
• Iziqwenga zezivakalisi. Ngokufuthi ngenxa yamacandelo angekhoyo, ezi zivakalisi zingaphelelanga ziyasilela ukufumana ingcamango epheleleyo.

Ukuqonda ukwakhiwa kwezivakalisi kubandakanya okungakumbi kunegrama kuphela; imalunga nokufumana ibhalansi elungileyo phakathi kwesimbo kunye nesingqisho. Esi sikhokelo siya kukunceda ufunde kungekuphela nje ukuphepha izivakalisi ezinde kakhulu, ezintsonkothileyo, kodwa kunye nokuphepha ezimfutshane kakhulu, ezimfutshane. Siza kubonelela ngemibono ekuphumezeni ukuhamba okuhambelanayo ekubhaleni kwakho, ukuphucula ukufundeka kunye nokuzibandakanya.

Ukongeza, kubabhali abajongene nemiceli mngeni yokuvavanya kunye nokufomatha isicatshulwa, iqonga lethu ibonelela ngeenkonzo zeengcali zokuphucula kunye nokugqibelela ukubhala kwakho. sayina kunye nathi namhlanje ukuthatha inyathelo elibalulekileyo ekuphumezeni ukugqwesa kumsebenzi wakho obhaliweyo.

Ubuchule bokucaca kunye nokungaguquguquki kulwakhiwo lwezivakalisi

Ukwakha izivakalisi ezicacileyo nezihambelanayo, kubalulekile ukuqonda imigaqo-siseko engaphaya kokuchonga iimpazamo zesivakalisi eziqhelekileyo. Eli candelo libonelela ngeengcebiso ezisebenzayo kunye nobuchule bokuphucula izakhono zakho zokwakha izivakalisi, ugxininise koku:

• Ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kweziphumlisi. Funda indlela yokusebenzisa iziphumlisi ngokuchanekileyo ukuphepha iimpazamo zesivakalisi kunye nokucacisa intsingiselo yakho.
• Ukwahluka kobude besivakalisi. Qonda ukubaluleka kokudibanisa izivakalisi ezifutshane kunye nezide zesiphumo sesitayile, ukuphucula ukuhamba kokubhala kwakho.
• Izihlanganisi kunye notshintsho. Fumana indlela yokusebenzisa ezi zixhobo ngokufanelekileyo ukwenza utshintsho olugudileyo phakathi kwezimvo, ukwenza ukubhala kwakho kudibane ngakumbi.

Injongo yethu kukukunceda ukuba ungagcini nje ngokuphepha iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo zesivakalisi kodwa ukwaphuhlisa isimbo sokubhala esonyusa ukufundeka kunye nefuthe. Izicwangciso ezinikezelwe apha zisebenza kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo ze ukubhala kwezemfundo, ukusuka kumaphepha antsonkothileyo ukuya kumabali alula, okuqinisekisa ukuba iingcamango zakho zidluliselwa ngokunempumelelo kakhulu.

Ziphephe izivakalisi ezibalekayo

Izivakalisi ezibalekayo zivela xa amagatya azimeleyo, akwaziyo ukuma yedwa, edityaniswe ngokungachanekanga. Le ngxaki inxulumene negrama kunobude besivakalisi, yaye inokuchaphazela nezivakalisi ezifutshane. Kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili zezivakalisi eziqhutywayo:

Ikoma

Ukwahlukana kwekoma kwenzeka xa amagatya amabini azimeleyo edityaniswa kuphela ngesiphumlisi, ngaphandle kweziphumlisi ezifanelekileyo ukuwahlula.

Umzekelo wosetyenziso olungachanekanga:

• “Isemina yaphela emva kwexesha, kwaye wonke umntu wangxamela ukuhamba.” Esi sakhiwo sikhokelela kwisiphithiphithi, njengoko sidibanisa ngokungafanelekanga iingcamango ezimbini ezahlukeneyo.

Ukulungisa ngempumelelo isiphumlisi, qwalasela ezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• Yahlula ube zizivakalisi ezahlukeneyo. Yahlula amagatya ukuphucula ukucaca.
  • “Isemina yaphela emva kwexesha. Wonke umntu wangxama ukuhamba.”
• Sebenzisa isemicolon okanye ikholoni. Ezi ziphumlisi ziwahlula ngokufanelekileyo amagatya azimeleyo anxulumeneyo.
  • “Ingqungquthela yaphela emva kwexesha; wonke umntu wakhawuleza waphuma.”
• Ikhonkco ngesihlanganisi. Isihlanganisi sinokudibanisa kakuhle amagatya, ukugcina ubudlelwane babo.
  • “Isemina yaphela emva kwexesha, ngoko wonke umntu wangxamela ukuhamba.”

Indlela nganye ibonelela ngendlela eyahlukileyo yokulungisa i-comma splice, iqinisekisa ukuba isivakalisi sihlala silungile ngokwegrama ngelixa sifumana intsingiselo ecwangcisiweyo ngokucacileyo.

Isiphumlisi esilahlekileyo kwizivakalisi ezimbaxa

Izivakalisi ezibalekayo zikholisa ukuvela kwiziphumlisi ezilahlekileyo, ngakumbi xa kusetyenziswa amagama afana no-'for,' 'kunye,' 'no,' 'kodwa,' 'okanye,' 'kaloku,' kunye 'no' ke' ukudibanisa amagatya azimeleyo.

Umzekelo wosetyenziso olungachanekanga:

• “Wafunda ubusuku bonke wayengekakulungeli uvavanyo.” Esi sivakalisi sidibanisa amagatya amabini azimeleyo ngaphandle kweziphumlisi eziyimfuneko, nto leyo ekhokelela kwimpazamo yegrama eyaziwa ngokuba kukuqhutywa kwesivakalisi.

Ukulungisa lo mba, qwalasela le ndlela ilandelayo:

• Yongeza isiphumlisi phambi kwesihlanganisi. Le ndlela ivumela ukwahlula okucacileyo kwamagatya ngelixa igcina intsingiselo edibeneyo.
  • Wafunda ubusuku bonke, kodwa wayengekakulungeli olo vavanyo.

Ukujongana neempazamo zesivakalisi ezifana nezi kubalulekile ekufezekiseni ukubhala okucacileyo nokusebenzayo. Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kweziphumlisi, nokuba ziikoma, iisemikholoni, okanye izihlanganisi, kudlala indima ephambili ekwahluleni amagatya azimeleyo. Esi sikhokelo siyilelwe ukukunceda ekuchongeni nasekulungiseni ezi mpazamo zesivakalisi eziqhelekileyo, ngokwenjenjalo uphucula ukufundeka nokuhambelana kokubhala kwakho.

Ukuphepha iziqwenga zesivakalisi kunxibelelwano olucacileyo

Emva kokujongana nomba wokuqhutywa kwezivakalisi, impazamo yesivakalisi esiqhelekileyo esibandakanya amagatya azimeleyo adityanisiweyo ngokungafanelekanga, ingqwalasela yethu elandelayo ngomnye umba obalulekileyo wokubhala okucacileyo nokusebenzayo: iziqwenga zesivakalisi.

Ukuqonda kunye nokulungisa amaqhekeza ezivakalisi

Kanye njengokuba iziphumlisi ezifanelekileyo zibalulekile ekwahluleni amagatya azimeleyo kwizivakalisi ezilandelelanayo, ukuqaphela kunye nokulungisa amaqhekeza ezivakalisi kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni unxibelelwano olupheleleyo noluhambelanayo. Iziqwenga zezivakalisi zingamacandelo angaphelelanga okubhala izinto ezibalulekileyo ezishiyiweyo njengesifundo (umdlali ophambili okanye isihloko) kunye nesivisa (isenzo okanye imeko yesifundo). Nangona ezi ziqwenga zinokubonelela ngeziphumo zesimbo kubhalo loyilo okanye lobuntatheli, zithande ukungafanelekanga kwaye zinokubhidanisa kwiimeko ezisemthethweni okanye zezemfundo.

Ukuphonononga izifundo kunye nezivakalisi ngemizekelo

Kulwakhiwo lwezivakalisi, intloko nesivisa zidlala indima ephambili. Isihloko ngokuqhelekileyo sisibizo okanye isimelabizo esithetha umntu okanye into ebambeleyo okanye ekuxoxwa ngayo. Isivisa, esihlala sigxile kwisenzi, sichaza into eyenziwa yintloko okanye imeko yaso.

Isivakalisi sinokuba nentlanganisela yentloko-nesivisa, kodwa isihloko ngasinye masidityaniswe nesivisa saso esihambelanayo, sibambe umlinganiso omnye-kwisinye. Nantsi eminye imizekelo ukubonisa iintshukumo zezifundo kunye nezivisa:

• Umzekelo olula: “Amadada ayabhabha.”
• Iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe: “Amadada namarhanisi asele ekhulile abhabha ngononophelo.”
• Yandiswa ngakumbi: “Amadada namarhanisi asele ekhulile, asindwa bubudala, abhabha ngobunono.”
• Isivakalisi esidityanisiweyo: “Amadada abhabha esibhakabhakeni; izinja zizulazula emhlabeni.”
• Inkcazo entsonkothileyo: Amadada atyibilika ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi kunamarhanisi xa eleqwa zizinja ezikhonkothayo.
• Inkcazo: “Inja ileqa ibhola ngolangazelelo.”
• Ukongeza iinkcukacha: "Inja iyayibamba ibhola, ngoku imanziswe yi-slobber."
• Omnye umaleko: “Inja ibamba ibhola esisandul’ ukuyithenga.”
• Ulwakhiwo olwenziwayo: "Ibhola ibanjiwe."
• Ukuchaza iimpawu: "Ibhola iyatyibilika, inuke kwaye ihlafune."
• Ngakumbi: “Ibala lebhola liyamtyibilizi kwaye likhupha ivumba elahlukileyo.”
• Nangakumbi ngakumbi: “Ibhola, egqunywe kukutyibilika, iyajika imtyibilizi kwaye ibe nevumba elibi.”

Kumzekelo ngamnye, unxulumano phakathi kwesihloko kunye nesivisa lubalulekile. Basebenza kunye ukwenza iingcinga ezipheleleyo, ezihambelanayo, zinika ingcaciso nobunzulu besivakalisi.

Ukujongana nezivakalisi ezingaphelelanga ezingenasivisa

Enye yezona ntlobo zisisiseko seziqendwana zesivakalisi ayinasenzi esiyintloko, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ingagqibeki. Iqela lamagama, nokuba linesibizo, alinakwenza isivakalisi esipheleleyo ngaphandle kwesivisa.

Cinga ngalo mzekelo:

• "Ukulandela uhambo olude, isiqalo esitsha."

Eli binzana lishiya umfundi elindele ulwazi oluninzi kwaye linokulungiswa ngeendlela ezimbalwa:

• Ukudibanisa nesivakalisi sangaphambili usebenzisa iziphumlisi:
  • "Emva kohambo olude, kwavela isiqalo esitsha."
• Ukubhala kwakhona ukuquka isivisa:
  • "Ukulandela uhambo olude, bafumana isiqalo esitsha."

Zombini ezi ndlela zijika isiqwenga sibe sisivakalisi esipheleleyo ngokunika isenzo esiyimfuneko okanye imeko, ngaloo ndlela kuzalisekisa imfuno yesivisa.

Ukuphatha amagatya axhomekeke

Amagatya axhomekeke kuwo, ngelixa enesihloko kunye nesivisa, akafumani ngcamango epheleleyo eyedwa. Bafuna igatya elizimeleyo kwisivakalisi esipheleleyo.

La magatya ahlala eqala ngokuthobela izihlanganisi ezifana 'nangona,' 'ukususela,' 'ngaphandle kokuba,' okanye 'kuba.' Ukongeza la magama kwigatya elizimeleyo kuliguqulela ekubeni lixhomekeke.

Qwalasela le mizekelo:

• Igatya elizimeleyo: 'Ilanga latshona.'
• Utshintsho kwigatya elixhomekeke: 'Nangona ilanga litshona.'

Kule meko, 'Nangona ilanga litshona' ligatya elixhomekeke kunye neqhekeza lesivakalisi, njengoko lazisa imeko kodwa lingagqibi ingcinga.

Ukwenza isivakalisi esipheleleyo, igatya elixhomekeke kufuneka lidityaniswe negatya elizimeleyo:

• Ayigqitywanga: 'Nangona ilanga litshona.'
• Gcwalisa: 'Nangona latshona ilanga, isibhakabhaka sahlala siqaqambile.'
• Ngenye indlela: 'Isibhakabhaka sahlala siqaqambile, nangona ilanga latshona.'

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba isemicolon ayisetyenziswanga ukudibanisa igatya elixhomekeke kwigatya elizimeleyo. Iisemikholoni zibekelwe ukudibanisa amagatya amabini azimeleyo asondeleleneyo.

Ukulungisa ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwenxaxheba yangoku

Isenzi sangoku, imo yesenzi ephela ngo--(ezifana 'nokudanisa,' 'ukucinga,' okanye 'ukucula'), isoloko isetyenziswa gwenxa kwizivakalisi. Akufunekanga ime yodwa njengesenzi esiyintloko ngaphandle kokuba iyinxalenye yexesha lesenzi esiqhubekayo. Ukuyisebenzisa kakubi kunokukhokelela kwiziqwenga zesivakalisi, njengoko kunokuguqula isivakalisi ngaphandle kokubonelela ngesenzo esiphambili.

Impazamo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwesenzi 'ukuba,' ngakumbi kwimo 'yokuba', endaweni yeendlela ezilula zangoku okanye ezadlulayo ('yi' okanye 'ibi').

Umzekelo wokusetyenziswa kakubi:

• “Waqhubeka ethetha, izimvo zakhe zibaleka ngokukhululekileyo.” Kwesi sihlandlo, ‘iingcamango zakhe zibaleka ngokukhululekileyo’ sisiqwenga yaye asinasenzi esiyintloko.

Ukulungisa ukusetyenziswa kakubi okunjalo, isiqwenga kufuneka sidityaniswe kwisivakalisi ngemo yesenzi esifanelekileyo:

• Ilungisiwe: “Waqhubeka ethetha, kwaye izimvo zakhe zazibaleka ngokukhululekileyo.”
• Ulungiso olulolunye: “Waqhubeka ethetha, izimvo zakhe zazihamba ngokukhululekileyo.”

Kuzo zozibini izivakalisi ezilungisiweyo, iingcamango ngoku zichazwa ngokucacileyo njengeengcinga ezipheleleyo, zilungisa ukusetyenziswa kakubi kokuqala kwesi senzo sikhoyo.

Ukulawula ubude bezivakalisi ukuze kucace ngcono

Emva kokufunda indlela yokuphepha iimpazamo zesivakalisi ezifana nezivakalisi ezibalekayo kunye neziqwenga zesivakalisi, kubalulekile ngokulinganayo ukunikela ingqalelo kubude obupheleleyo bezivakalisi zonxibelelwano olucacileyo. Nangona izivakalisi ezide zisenokuchaneka ngokwegrama, ukuntsonkotha kwazo kunokugubungela umyalezo ocetywayo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekungaqondani okusenokubakho.

Ukulinganisa ubude besivakalisi

Ngoxa isivakalisi eside sinokuchaneka ngokwegrama, ukuntsokotha kwaso kusenokuphazamisana nokufundeka kakuhle. Isitshixo ekubhaleni ngokucacileyo sihlala silele ekugcineni ubude besivakalisi, phakathi kwamagama ali-15 ukuya kwangama-25. Izivakalisi ezingaphezulu kwamagama angama-30 ukuya kuma-40 kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokutsha kwaye mhlawumbi zicazululwe ukuze zicace.

Ukuphucula ukufundeka kunye nokunxibelelana ngempumelelo nomyalezo wakho, ukusebenzisa iindlela ezithile zokunciphisa izivakalisi kuyafuneka. Ezi zicwangciso zijolise ekuphuculeni nasekugxininiseni ukubhala kwakho, ukwenza ukuba kufikeleleke ngakumbi kwaye kuqondakala kumfundi. Nazi iindlela eziphambili ekufuneka uziqwalasele:

• Ukuphelisa ukufana. Oku kuthetha ukususa amagama okanye amabinzana angongezi ixabiso elibalulekileyo okanye intsingiselo kwisivakalisi sakho.
• Ukwahlula iingcinga ezinzima. Gxininisa ekwahluleleni izivakalisi ezide zibe ngamacandelo amafutshane, athe ngqo agxininisa kuluvo okanye ingcamango enye.

Ngoku, masisebenzise ezi zicwangciso ngokubonakalayo:

• Isivakalisi eside: “Ukuhlolwa kukaMars kuye kwabangela ukuba kubekho inkcazelo ebalulekileyo ngemozulu nesijikelezi-langa, nto leyo ebonisa iimpawu zokuqukuqela kwamanzi kwixa elidluleyo kwaza kwabonisa amandla kaMars okuxhasa ubomi.”
• Uhlaziyo olulungelelanisiweyo: “Uhlolisiso lukaMars luye lwatyhila ulwazi oluphambili ngemozulu nenzululwazi yokwakheka komhlaba. Ubungqina bubonisa ukuqukuqela kwamanzi kwixesha elidluleyo, bubonisa amandla esi sijikelezi-langa okuxhasa ubomi.”

Lo mzekelo ubonisa indlela ukusebenzisa ezi zicwangciso kunokuguqula isivakalisi eside sibe ngamacandelo aqondakalayo, acacileyo, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukufundeka ngokubanzi kokubhala kwakho.

Ukujongana neentshayelelo ezinde

Kubalulekile ukunqanda amabinzana entshayelelo aneenkcukacha ezigqithisileyo ekubhaleni kwakho. Intshayelelo emfutshane iqinisekisa ukuba umyalezo ophambili awusithwanga ziinkcukacha ezigqithisileyo.

Umzekelo:

• Ineenkcukacha ngokugqithisileyo: "Ngenkqubela phambili yobukrelekrele bokwenziwa ebumba amashishini amaninzi, ukusuka kukhathalelo lwezempilo ukuya kwezemali, kuyabonakala ukuba obu bugcisa buza kuqhubeka ukuba nefuthe elikhulu."
• Uhlaziyo olufutshane: "Inkqubela phambili kubukrelekrele bokwenziwa ilungisa amashishini afana nezempilo kunye nezezimali, ebonisa ifuthe eliqhubekayo."

Le ndlela imfutshane yentshayelelo inceda ukugcina ugxininiso kumyalezo ophambili, ukwenza ukubhala kwakho kucace kwaye kubandakanyeke ngakumbi kumfundi.

Ukudibanisa izivakalisi ezifutshane kakhulu

Ngoxa izivakalisi ezifutshane zisoloko ziphucula ukucaca nokufundeka kakuhle, ukuzisebenzisa ngokugqithiseleyo kunokukhokelela kwisimbo sokudityaniswa, esingadibaniyo okanye esiphindaphindwayo. Ukulinganisa ubude besivakalisi kunye nokusebenzisa amagama otshintsho kunokunceda ekuthungeni izimvo zakho ngokuhambelana ngakumbi. Le ndlela ijongana nempazamo yesivakalisi esiqhelekileyo ekubhaleni - ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo kwezivakalisi ezifutshane.

Umzekelo wokudibanisa izivakalisi ezifutshane:

• “Uvavanyo lwaqala kwangethuba. Uqwalaselo lwenziwa ngeyure. Iziphumo zarekhodwa ngononophelo. Inyathelo ngalinye lalibalulekile.”

Nangona isivakalisi ngasinye sichanekile, ibali lisenokuvakala liqhekekile. Indlela ehlanganisiweyo ngakumbi inokuba:

• "Uvavanyo lwaqala kwangethuba, ngoqwalaselo olwenziwa qho ngeyure kwaye iziphumo zirekhodwe ngononophelo, ziqaqambisa ubunjani benyathelo ngalinye."

Ngokudibanisa ezi zivakalisi zifutshane, isicatshulwa siya kuba lula kunye nokuhamba kolwazi ngokwendalo, ukuphucula ukufundeka ngokubanzi kunye nokuhambelana kokubhala kwakho.

isiphelo

Eli nqaku libonelela ngezicwangciso ezibalulekileyo zokulungisa iimpazamo zesivakalisi eziqhelekileyo, ukuphucula ukucaca kokubhala kwakho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Ukusuka ekujonganeni nezivakalisi ezibalekayo kunye neziqwenga ukuya ekulinganiseni ubude nesakhiwo sesivakalisi, ezi zimvo zibalulekile kunxibelelwano olucacileyo. Ukwamkela obu buchule akuyi kulungisa kuphela iimpazamo zesivakalisi kodwa nokuphucula indlela yokubhala, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iingcamango zakho zabelana ngokuchaneka kunye nefuthe. Khumbula, ukubhala okucacileyo nokusebenzayo unokufikeleleka ngokusebenzisa le migaqo.