Ukubhala kwizifundo: Izikhokelo kunye neempazamo ekufuneka uziphephe kubafundi

Nokuba usisifundiswa esinamabhongo, ungumfundi osebenza kwithisisi yakho, okanye umntu nje okhokela amanqanaba ahlukeneyo ezabelo zobufundi, ukuqonda iinuances zokubhala kwezemfundo kubalulekile kwimpumelelo. Ukusukela kweyona nkcazelo kunye neendidi ukuya kokwenziwa nokungenziwa, esi sikhokelo sipheleleyo sijolise ekwenzeni ubunzima bokubhala kwezemfundo.

Ngena ungene ukuze ufunde malunga nethoni esesikweni nengathathi hlangothi, ukucaca, ulwakhiwo, kunye nokukhangela okwahlula iprose yezifundo kwezinye iindidi zokubhala. Kwakhona, fumanisa ukuba ukubhalwa kwezifundo okungekho, kwaye uphonononge izixhobo ezibalulekileyo ezinokukunceda ube ngumbhali onobuchule.

Inkcazo yokubhala kwezemfundo

Ubhalo lwezifundo yindlela yokubhala esesikweni esetyenziswa kwiindawo zemfundo kunye noshicilelo lwezifundo. Uya kudibana nayo kumanqaku kwiijenali zemfundo kunye neencwadi zezifundo, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba usebenzise esi simbo kwizincoko zakho, kumaphepha ophando, kunye needissertations.

Ngelixa ukubhala kwezemfundo kulandela inkqubo yokubhala ngokubanzi njengezinye iintlobo zesicatshulwa, kubambelela kwimimiselo ethile yomxholo, ulungelelwaniso, kunye neempawu zesimbo. Olu luhlu lulandelayo luchaza iimpawu ezichaza ubhalo lwezifundo kunye neempawu ezingathathwa njengezifanelekileyo kubhalo olunjalo.

Iindidi zokubhala kwizifundo

Ukuphumelela kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zokubhala kwizifundo sisakhono esiyimfuneko kuye nabani na obandakanyekayo kwizinto zokufunda. Itheyibhile engezantsi ichaza iindidi eziphambili zezabelo zokubhala onokuthi udibane nazo kwisimo semfundo. Uhlobo ngalunye luneenjongo zalo ezizodwa kunye nezikhokelo ezithile ezihluka ngokuxhomekeke kuqeqesho lwezemfundo. Ukuqonda ezi ndidi zahlukeneyo kubalulekile ukuba iinjongo zakho kukugqiba ngempumelelo isidanga sakho, ukufaka isicelo kwisikolo esiphumelele isidanga, okanye ukulandela ikhondo lemfundo.

Uhlobo lwesicatshulwa semfundo	inkcazelo
Umxholo	Ingxoxo emfutshane, ezimeleyo edla ngokusebenzisa imathiriyeli yekhosi ukuphendula umbuzo obuzwe ngutitshala.
Dissertation/Thesis	Owona msebenzi wophando wokuqukumbela ogqityiweyo ekupheleni kwenkqubo yesidanga uhlala ugxile kwisifundo se-dissertation esikhethwe ngumfundi.
Ukujongisisa uluncwadi	Uhlalutyo olubanzi lwezifundo ezikhoyo kwisifundo zilungiselelwe ukukhokela indlela yokusebenza yeprojekthi yophando yexesha elizayo.
Iphepha lophando	Uphando oluneenkcukacha lwenziwa ngophando oluzimeleyo, oluhlala lugxile kumbuzo okhethwe ngumfundi.
Isiphakamiso soPhando	Iplani yokuqala yeprojekthi eza kuba dissertation okanye yophando, echaza ngesihloko esinokubakho kunye nokuziqhelanisa.
Ibhayibhile engabhalwanga	Ingqokelela yeereferensi ezikhankanyiweyo, nganye kuzo iziswe sisishwankathelo esifutshane okanye uvavanyo.
Ingxelo yeLebhu	Ingxelo echaza iinjongo, iinkqubo, iziphumo kunye nezigqibo zophononongo lokulinga.

Amacandelo ahlukeneyo anemiba ephambili eyahlukeneyo xa kuziwa ekubhaleni. Ngokomzekelo, embalini, kusenokugxininiswa ekuxhaseni ingxoxo ngemithombo ephambili, ngoxa kwikhosi yezoshishino, ukusetyenziswa kweethiyori kunokugxininiswa. Nokuba yeyiphi na intsimi, ukubhala kwezemfundo kujolise ekunxibelelaneni ngolwazi ngokucacileyo nangempumelelo.

Nokuba injongo yakho kukupasa isidanga sakho, faka isicelo kwisikolo esiphumelele isidanga, okanye ukwakha umsebenzi wezemfundo, ukubhala okusebenzayo sisakhono esibalulekileyo.

Yintoni ukubhala kwezemfundo?

Ukufunda ubugcisa bokubhala kwezemfundo sisakhono esixabisekileyo kubafundi, abaphandi, kunye neengcali, njengoko sisebenza njengesango lokuvelisa umsebenzi wokufunda okumgangatho ophezulu kunye nokuzibandakanya ngempumelelo noluntu lwezemfundo.

Kula macandelo alandelayo, siza kuphonononga kwiimpawu eziphambili ezichaza ubhalo olusebenzayo lwezifundo, ukusuka ekucaceni nasekuchanekeni ukuya ekufumaneni kunye nemigangatho yokucaphula, ukunika isikhokelo kunye nemizekelo yokuphucula izakhono zakho.

Icace kwaye ichanekile

Zikhwebule ekusebenziseni ulwimi olubonisa ukubaleka njengokuthi “mhlawumbi” okanye “inokuba njalo,” njengoko lunokujongela phantsi amandla eengxoxo zakho. Thatha ixesha lokuphonononga amagama akhethiweyo ukuze uqinisekise ukuba anxibelelana ngokuchanekileyo nangokungacacanga umyalezo owucelileyo.

Umzekelo:

• Idatha ingabonisa ukuba ...
• Idatha ibonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba ...

Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ulwimi olucacileyo nolucacileyo ukuze uqinisekise ukuba umfundi wakho uyazi kakuhle into oyithethayo. Oku kuthetha ukungqala kangangoko kwaye uphephe ulwimi olungacacanga:

Umzekelo:

• Lo mbandela uye wafumana umdla ixesha elide.
• Lo mbandela ubugxininise kwingqwalasela yabafundi kwisithuba seminyaka elishumi.

Isigama sobugcisa sisoloko siluphawu lokubhala kwezemfundo, oludla ngokujoliswa kubaphulaphuli abakhethekileyo abawazi kakuhle umbandela.

Nangona kunjalo, olu lwimi lukhethekileyo kufuneka luphucule ukucaca kunye nokuchaneka kokubhala kwakho, hayi ukwenza nzima. Sebenzisa igama lobugcisa xa:

• Ivakalisa ingcamango ngokufutshane nangokucacileyo ngakumbi kunegama eliqhelekileyo.
• Ulindele ukuba abaphulaphuli ojolise kubo baqeqeshwe kunye nekota.
• Eli gama liyonwabela ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi phakathi kwabaphandi kwindawo yakho yokufunda.

Ukuqhelana nesigama esithile esisetyenziswe kwindawo yakho, kuyanceda ukufunda amanqaku eengcali kwaye uthathele ingqalelo ulwimi olusetyenziswa ziingcali.

Ngokusesikweni nokungakhethi cala

Injongo yokubhala kwizifundo kukubonelela ngesikhokelo esicwangcisiweyo sokwabelana ngolwazi kunye neengxoxo ngendlela engathathi hlangothi nangendlela esekelwe kubungqina. Oku kubandakanya imigaqo emithathu engundoqo:

• Inkxaso yobungqina. Iingxoxo kufuneka zixhaswe yidatha ye-empirical, zikhutshiwe kwiinkolelo zombhali.
• Injongo. Uphando lwakho kunye nomsebenzi wabanye abaphengululi kufuneka uboniswe ngokufanelekileyo nangokuchanekileyo.
• Ukuhambelana okusesikweni. Ithoni esesikweni kunye nesimbo ziyafuneka ukubonelela ngokufana kulo lonke ushicilelo, ukwenza kube lula ukuthelekisa nokuvavanya iiprojekthi zophando ezahlukeneyo.

Ngokubambelela kule migaqo, ukubhala kwezemfundo kujolise ekugcineni ingqibelelo nokusebenza kwayo. Kubalulekile ukuba ucace malunga nendlela yophando lwakho kunye nokuqwalasela nayiphi na imida isifundo sakho esinokuba nayo.

Ngenxa yolu ngqalelo kungqinelwano olusesikweni, ulwimi olukhethayo ludlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ukuphepha amabinzana angacwangciswanga, anjengentetho yamandulo, izifinyezo namabinzana emihla ngemihla kubalulekile.

Umzekelo:

• Idatha iluhlobo lomzobo kwaye ayisixeleli kakhulu.
• Idatha ibonakala ingagqibekanga kwaye ibonelela ngemibono elinganiselweyo.

Igxininise kwaye yakhiwe kakuhle

Iphepha lesifundiswa lidlulela ngaphaya kokuba yingqokelela yezimvo; kufuneka ibe nenjongo ethile. Qala ngokulungiselela umbuzo ofanelekileyo wophando okanye ingxelo yethisisi eya kukhokela ingxoxo egxininisekileyo. Qinisekisa ukuba lonke ulwazi lunegalelo kule njongo ingundoqo.

Nazi izinto eziphambili zolwakhiwo:

• Ubume ngokubanzi. Soloko udibanisa i isingeniso kwaye siphelo. Ngamaphepha amade, yahlula umxholo wakho kwizahluko okanye amacandelwana, ngalinye linesihloko esicacileyo. Lungiselela ulwazi lwakho ngokulandelelana okunengqiqo.
• Ubume bomhlathi. Qala umhlathi omtsha xa uzisa ingcamango entsha. Umhlathi ngamnye mawuqale ngesivakalisi sesihloko esichaza ingcamango yawo ephambili, kwaye kufuneka kubekho utshintsho olugudileyo phakathi kwemihlathi. Nika umhlathi ngamnye osebenza ingongoma yakho ephambili okanye umbuzo wophando.
• Ulwakhiwo lwezivakalisi. Sebenzisa amagama anxibelelanisayo ukubonisa ubudlelwane phakathi kweengcinga ezahlukeneyo ngaphakathi naphakathi kwezivakalisi. Namathela kwiziphumlisi ezifanelekileyo ukuphepha amaqhekeza ezivakalisi okanye ulandelelwano. Sebenzisa umxube wobude nezakhiwo zezivakalisi ukuze ufundeke ngcono.

Ngokugxila kwezi zinto zolwakhiwo uphucula ukufundeka kunye nefuthe lephepha lakho lezemfundo. Ezi zikhokelo zingundoqo kubhalo olusebenzayo lwezifundiswa.

Ilungile kwaye iyahambelana

Ukongezelela ekubambeleleni kwimithetho yegrama, iziphumlisi nemigaqo yocaphulo, ukugcina imilinganiselo yesimbo engaguqukiyo kubalulekile. Le migangatho iqulathe:

• Amanani okubhala
• Ukusebenzisa izifinyezo
• Ukukhetha amaxesha ezenzi ezichanekileyo
• Ukubhala ngoonobumba abakhulu amagama nezihloko
• Upelo kunye neziphumlisi ze-UK kunye nesiNgesi sase-US
• Ukufomatha iitheyibhile kunye namanani
• Ukucaphula imifanekiso okanye iividiyo
• Ukusebenzisa amanqaku embumbulu okanye amanani

Nokuba kukho ngaphezulu kwendlela enye echanekileyo yokwenza into, kubaluleke kakhulu ukungaguquguquki. Ngalo lonke ixesha kanye ukuphonononga umsebenzi wakho ngaphambi kokuthumela. Ukuba ukuvavanya ayisiyosuti yakho eyomeleleyo, iinkonzo ezifana nobuchwephesha bethu ukuvavanya okanye ukutshekisha igrama ingakunceda.

Ifunyenwe kakuhle

Ekubhaleni kwezemfundo, ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo yangaphandle kunceda ukungqinisisa amabango kwaye kubonise ingxabano edibeneyo. Le mithombo ayibandakanyi izicatshulwa kuphela kodwa nezinye iindlela zemidiya ezifana neefoto okanye iifilimu. Xa usebenzisa le mithombo yolwazi, ukuthembeka nokuhlonipheka kwabo kwimeko yemfundo kubaluleke kakhulu. Kodwa sifanele siwenze njani lo msebenzi unzima? Ngezantsi yitheyibhile eyenza lula amanqaku aphambili:

Iingcamango eziphambili	Inkcazo	imizekelo	Izixhobo ezikhuthaziweyo
Iintlobo zomthombo	Iitekisi okanye imidiya esetyenziselwa ubungqina kunye nohlalutyo	Amanqaku emfundo, iifilimu	Oovimba beenkcukacha zabafundi, amathala eencwadi eyunivesithi
Ukuthembeka	Indlela othembeke nochane ngayo umthombo	Amanqaku aphononongwe ngoontanga	-
Iimfuno zokucaphula	Yamkela iingcaphulo okanye amabinzana amagama	Kwisicatshulwa, uluhlu lwereferensi	Iijenereyitha zokucaphula
Izitayile zokucaphula	Iiseti ze imigaqo yokucaphula	APA, MLA, Chicago	Izikhokelo zesitayile
Uthintelo lokukopa	Kuphephe ukusebenzisa umsebenzi wabanye ngaphandle kokucaphula	-	Umvavanyi wenkohliso

Emva kokukhetha ngononophelo imithombo yakho kunye nokucaphula ngokuchanekileyo, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ngokuqhubekayo isimbo sokucaphula esifunwa liziko okanye indawo yakho. Ukungaphumeleli ukwenza oko kunokukhokelela kwiintlawulo ze ukunyanzelisa, elityala elinzima ngokwemfundo. Ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezifana Abahloli bokukopa inokukunceda ukhusele isidima somsebenzi wakho ngaphambi kokuba uwungenise.

Yintoni engeyiyo ukubhala kwezemfundo?

Ngaphambi kokuba ungene kwizinto ezithile ezithintelwa ngokubanzi ekubhaleni kwezemfundo, kubalulekile ukuqonda eyona njongo iphambili yolu hlobo lokubhala. Ubhalo lwemfundo ephakamileyo lufuna ukuveza uphando kunye neengxoxo ngendlela ecacileyo necwangcisiweyo. Ilandela izikhokelo ezithile ukugcina inqanaba lokusesikweni kunye nenjongo. Ngaloo nto engqondweni, kukho iindlela ezininzi zesimbo kunye nobuchule obungafanelekanga kwiimeko zezemfundo.

Personal

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ubhalo lwezemfundo lujolise ekugcineni ithoni engafanelekanga, kugxininise kakhulu kuphando nakubungqina endaweni yeembono zombhali okanye amava akhe. Nangona kusenokubakho iimeko apho kuqukwa inkcazelo engombhali—njengokuvumayo okanye ekucamngceni kwakhe—ugxininiso oluphambili lufanele lube kumbandela ngokwawo.

Isimelabizo somntu wokuqala "ndi" sakha saphetshwa ngokubanzi ekubhaleni kwezemfundo kodwa samkelwa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezininzi. Ukuba awuqinisekanga malunga nokuqesha umntu wokuqala, kungcono udibane nezikhokelo kwintsimi yakho okanye ufune iingcebiso kunjingalwazi wakho.

Xa uquka iimbekiselo zobuqu, qinisekisa ukuba ziphumeza injongo enentsingiselo. Umzekelo, ungayicacisa indima yakho kwinkqubo yophando kodwa uphephe ukubandakanya iimbono zakho okanye iimvakalelo zakho.

Umzekelo:

Kubhalo lwezifundo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyeke ukusebenzisa isimelabizo somntu wesibini “wena” xa usenza iinkcazo jikelele. Khetha isimelabizo esingathathi hlangothi "enye" ​​okanye phinda uchaze isivakalisi ukuze ushenxise idilesi ethe ngqo ngokupheleleyo.

Umzekelo:

• Ukuba uyatshaya, ubeka impilo yakho esichengeni.
• Ukuba umntu uyatshaya, ubeka impilo yakhe esichengeni.
• Ukutshaya kubangela iingozi zempilo.

I-Emotive kwaye inkulu

Ukubhala kwezemfundo kuyahluka ngokwesiseko ukusuka kuncwadi, kwintatheli, okanye kwizimbo zentengiso. Ngelixa impembelelo iseyinjongo, iindlela ezisetyenziswa kwimeko yemfundo zahlukile. Ngokukodwa, ukubhala kwezemfundo kuthintela izibheno zeemvakalelo kunye neengxelo ezigqithisileyo.

Ngoxa usenokuba ubhala ngombandela obaluleke gqitha kuwe, injongo yokubhala kukwabelana ngolwazi, iingcamango neengxoxo ngendlela ecacileyo nesengqiqweni, kunokuba uvelise iimvakalelo. Zikhwebule kulwimi olusekelwe kuluvo okanye olusekelwe kuluvo.

Umzekelo:

• Esi siganeko sibi ibikukusilela okukhulu komgaqo-nkqubo wezempilo woluntu.
• Esi siganeko sasinelinye lawona mazinga aphezulu okugula nokufa, nto leyo ebonisa iintsilelo ezibalulekileyo zomgaqo-nkqubo wezempilo yoluntu.

Abafundi bahlala beziva benyanzelekile ukuba baxhase iingxoxo zabo ngeentetho eziphakamileyo okanye ulwimi oluzukileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuxhomekeka kwikhonkrithi, iingxoxo ezixhaswa ngubungqina kunokuba uligqithise ityala lakho.

Umzekelo:

• Ngokungathandabuzekiyo uShakespeare ngoyena mntu ubalaseleyo kulo lonke uncwadi, ebumba yonke ikhosi yokubalisa amabali aseNtshona.
• UShakespeare ngumntu onempembelelo enkulu kuncwadi lwesiNgesi kwaye ube nefuthe elibonakalayo kuphuhliso lwedrama nokubaliswa kwamabali.

Umoya omde

Uninzi lwabafundi lukholelwa ukuba ukubhala kwabo kufuneka kuntsonkothe ​​kwaye kube nesenzi ukuze kuthathwe njengemfundo. Nangona kunjalo, oku akukhuthazwa; jolise ukucaca kunye nobufutshane endaweni yoko.

Ukuba igama okanye ibinzana elilula linokungena endaweni yelintsonkothileyo ngaphandle kokutshintsha intsingiselo, khetha ukwenza lula. Susa iintetho eziphindaphindayo kwaye ucinge ngokususa izenzi zebinzana elinye endaweni yegama elinye xa kufanelekile.

Umzekelo:

• Le komiti iqale ukuphonononga lo mba kwinyanga kaJanuwari.
• Ikomiti yaqala ukuphonononga lo mbandela ngoJanuwari.

Ukuphindaphinda kufeza injongo ekubhaleni kwezemfundo, njengokushwankathela ulwazi lwangaphambili kwisiphelo kodwa kuthintelwe ukuphindaphinda okugqithisileyo. Qinisekisa ukuba awenzi ingxoxo enye ngaphezu kwexesha elinye usebenzisa amabinzana ahlukeneyo.

Izixhobo ezibalulekileyo zokubhala kwezemfundo

Zininzi izixhobo zokubhala eziza kwenza inkqubo yakho yokubhala ikhawuleze kwaye ibe lula. Siza kuphawula ezintathu zazo ngezantsi.

• Isixhobo sokucacisa. Izixhobo ezisekelwe kwi-AI ezifana I-ChatGPT inokucacisa kunye nokwenza lula isicatshulwa sakho, ngakumbi xa kuchazwa imithombo yolwazi. Khumbula, ukucaphula okufanelekileyo kubalulekile kuphephe ukukopa.
• Umhloli wegrama. Olu hlobo lwesoftware lujonga okubhaliweyo kwakho kwiimpazamo zegrama, upelo, kunye neziphumlisi. Xa ichonga impazamo, umkhangeli wegrama unikezela ngengxelo ekhawulezileyo kwaye ucebise izilungiso ezinokuthi zibekho, ngaloo ndlela zikuncede uchaze iimbono zakho ngokucacileyo kwaye utyeshele iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo.
• Isishwankathelo. Ukuba ufuna ukwenza ulwazi olude okanye olunzima ukuyiqonda lula, isixhobo sokushwankathela sinokukunceda. Yenza imithombo entsonkothileyo ibe lula ukuyiqonda, ikunceda ukuba ugxile kumbuzo wakho wophando, kwaye inike isishwankathelo esifutshane samanqaku akho aphambili.

isiphelo

Ukuphumelela ukugqwesa ekubhaleni kwezemfundo kubalulekile kuye nabani na othatha inxaxheba kumsebenzi wokufunda. Esi sikhokelo sikubonelele ngezinto eziphambili ezimele ubhalo oluluqilima lwezifundo-ukusuka ekucaceni ukuya ekufumaneni ulwazi-kwaye sikwanike nokuqonda malunga noko kufuneka kuphetshwe. Izixhobo ezifana nesoftware yokuchaza amagama kunye nabakhangeli begrama banokwenza lula ngakumbi le nkqubo. Ngolu lwazi esandleni, ukulungele ukuhlasela imiceli mngeni yezemfundo ngokufanelekileyo nangokuzithemba.