Kwihlabathi lokubhala, amagama enguqu afana namakhonkco adibanisa iingcamango, aqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle ukusuka kwenye ingcamango ukuya kwenye. Ngaphandle kwabo, abafundi banokuzifumana belahlekile kumxube wezivakalisi kunye nemihlathi engadityaniswanga, besokola ukuqonda ukuba izimvo zinxulumana njani na. Indima yamagama enguqu idlulela ngaphaya kokongeza isimbo sokubhala; zibalulekile ekukhokheleni abafundi kuhambo oluntsonkothileyo lwe iingxabano, ingxelo, kunye nokuqonda. Eli nqaku lijolise ekucaciseni ezi nxalenye zolwimi zibalulekileyo, linika ababhali izakhono zokuyila isicatshulwa esidlulisa izimvo ngendlela ecacileyo, emanyeneyo, nangendlela entle.
Nokuba uqalisa uhambo lwakho lokubhala okanye ulola isakhono sakho njengombhali onamava, ukuqonda amagama enguqu kubalulekile ekuphuculeni ukubhala kwakho, ukwenza ukuba kubandakanyeke ngakumbi, kucenge, kwaye konwabe kubaphulaphuli bakho.
Inkcazo yamagama enguqu
Amagama namabinzana enguqulelo, adla ngokubizwa ngokuba ngamagama aqhagamshelanisayo, abalulekile ekubhaleni. Banxulumanisa izivakalisi kunye neengcinga, beyila ibali elihambelanayo nelihambelanayo. La magama ahlanganisa iingcinga ezahlukeneyo, ekhokela abafundi ukusuka kwingxabano okanye ibali elithile balathe kwelandelayo ngokulula.
Ukuqonda okuqinileyo kwamagama enguqu kubalulekile kuye nawuphi na umbhali ojonge ukuphucula ukuhamba nokufundeka kwesicatshulwa sabo. Banceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba izimvo azidityaniswanga nje kuphela kodwa zikwaboniswa ngolandelelwano olunengqiqo nolubandakanyayo. Nantsi inkcazo ekhawulezayo yamagama aqhelekileyo enguqu:
- Ukongeza. Amagama afana nelithi “ngaphezulu,” “ngaphezulu,” kunye nelithi “kwakhona” azisa ulwazi olongezelelweyo okanye iimbono.
- U mahluko. Amabinzana afana nelithi “noko ke,” “kwelinye icala,” nelithi “nangona kunjalo” abonisa umahluko okanye ukuphikisana.
- Unobangela kunye nefuthe. “Ngoko,” “ngenxa yoko,” yaye “ngenxa yoko” abonisa unxulumano phakathi kwezenzo okanye iziganeko.
- Ukulandelelana. “Okokuqala,” “okwesibini,” “emva koko,” kunye “ekugqibeleni” kubonisa ukuqhubeka kwamanyathelo kuludwe okanye inkqubo.
- umzekelo. “Umzekelo,” “umzekelo,” kunye “nokuthi” atshayelele imizekelo eyimizekelo.
- isiphelo. “Ekuqukumbeleni,” “ukushwankathela,” kunye “nokushwankathela” kubonisa ukushwankathelwa okanye ukuphela kwengxoxo.
Ukubekwa kakuhle kwamagama otshintsho
Ngoku siphononongile ukuba ngawaphi amagama enguqu, makhe sijonge indlela yokuwasebenzisa ngempumelelo ekubhaleni kwakho. Amagama enguqu adla ngokuzisa isivakalisi esitsha okanye igatya, elidla ngokulandelwa sisiphumlisi, ukuseta unxibelelwano nengcamango eyandulelayo.
Ngokomzekelo, qwalasela iziphumo zophononongo ezingagqibekanga:
- “Idatha ibingagqibelelanga. Ngoko ke, uphando olongezelelekileyo luyimfuneko.”
Ziyakwazi nokubekwa ngaphakathi kwezivakalisi ukudibanisa ulwazi olutsha ngokutyibilikayo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukuhamba okubalisayo.
Umzekelo:
- “Isisombululo esicetywayo, nangona kunjalo amathandabuzo okuqala, angqineka eluncedo.”
Ukubonisa ukusetyenziswa ngemizekelo
Makhe sihlolisise ukusebenza kwamagama enguqu ngokusebenzisa imizekelo eyahlukileyo:
- Ngaphandle kwamagama enguqu. “Yaqalisa ukuna imvula. Sagqiba kwelokuba siyihlehlise ipikiniki. Uqikelelo lwaxela kwangaphambili isibhakabhaka esicacileyo kamva evekini.”
Unxulumano phakathi kwezi zivakalisi alucacanga, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibali libe buhlungu.
- Kufakwe amagama enguqu. “Yaqalisa ukuna imvula. Nje ngeziphumo, sagqiba kwelokuba siyihlehlise ipikiniki. Ngethamsanqa, uqikelelo lwaxela kwangaphambili isibhakabhaka esicacileyo ekupheleni kwaloo veki.”
Ukongezwa kwamagama enguqu kucacisa ubudlelwane besizathu-kunye-nesiphumo kwaye kwazisa ukuguquka okuhle kweziganeko, ukuphucula ukuhambelana kwesicatshulwa.
Isilumkiso ngokuchasene nokusebenzisa ngokugqithisileyo
Ngelixa amagama aguqukayo abalulekile ekubhaleni ulwelo, ukuwasebenzisa ngokugqithisileyo kunokukhokelela ekudibaneni kwakhona kunye nokuphazamisa isantya sombhalo. Indlela ecokisekileyo inokujongeka ngolu hlobo:
- Amagama enguqu asetyenziswe ngokugqithisileyo. “Uvavanyo lube yimpumelelo. kunjalo, ulingo lwesibini lubonise iziphumo ezahlukeneyo. Ngaphezulu, ulingo lwesithathu aluzange luphelele. Ngaphezu koko, ulingo lwesine lwaluphikisana noko kwafunyaniswayo ekuqaleni.”
Lo mzekelo ubonisa ingqokelela engeyomfuneko yamagama enguqu, enokwenza ukuba isicatshulwa sibe nesithukuthezi kwaye sicaciswe ngokugqithisileyo.
- Indlela elungeleleneyo. “Uvavanyo lube yimpumelelo, ngelixa ulingo lwesibini lubonise iziphumo ezahlukeneyo. Ityala lesithathu lahlala lingaqinisekanga, kwaye elesine lakhabanayo neziphumo zokuqala.
Kolu guqulelo luhlaziyiweyo, ukusetyenziswa kwamagama enguqu kulungelelaniswa ngakumbi, ukuhambisa ulwazi olufanayo ngaphandle kokulayisha ngaphezulu kwesicatshulwa kunye nezihlanganisi, ngaloo ndlela uxhasa ukuhamba kwendalo kunye nokubandakanya.
Ukudibanisa amagama enguqulelo ngokufanelekileyo kubandakanya ukuqonda injongo yawo, ukuqonda unxulumano olusengqiqweni alubonisayo, kunye nokuwasebenzisa ngobulumko ukuphucula ibali ngaphandle kokumoyisa umfundi.
Ukuphonononga iindidi kunye nemizekelo yamagama enguqu
Amagama oguqulo ahlelwa ngokweendidi ezininzi ngokusekelwe kusetyenziso ekujoliswe kulo kwizivakalisi. Ukuqonda ezi ndidi kunceda ababhali bakhethe elona gama lifanelekileyo ukuhambisa unxibelelwano olufunekayo phakathi kweengcamango.
Ukongeza: Ukwandisa izimvo
Amagama okongeza ongezelela inkcazelo, abethelele iingcamango, okanye abonakalise ukuvumelana nombandela owandulelayo.
- umzekelo. Igadi iyachuma kweli xesha lonyaka. Ukongeza, inkqubo entsha yokunkcenkceshela ingqineke isebenza kakuhle.
- abanye. Kwakhona, ngaphezu koko, ngokunjalo, ukongeza.
I-Adversative: Iikhonsepthi ezichaseneyo
La magama azisa umahluko, inkcaso, okanye ukungavisisani kwisicatshulwa.
- umzekelo. Uqikelelo luthembisa imozulu enelanga. Kunjalo, imini yajika yaba yimvula yaye kubanda.
- abanye. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuchaseneyo, kodwa, ngokuchaseneyo.
Unobangela: Ukubonisa unobangela nesiphumo
Utshintsho oluyisizathu lubonisa ubudlelwane besizathu kunye nesiphumo phakathi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo zesicatshulwa.
- umzekelo. Inkampani ayiphumelelanga ukuhlaziya itekhnoloji yayo. Nje ngeziphumo, yawela emva kwabo bakhuphisana nayo.
- abanye. Ngoko ke, ngoko, ngoko, ngoko
Ulandelelwano: Ukucwangcisa imibono
Utshintsho olulandelelanayo lunceda ekudweliseni ulwazi, ukushwankathela, okanye ukuqukumbela iingxoxo.
- Umzekelo. Okokuqala, qokelela zonke izithako eziyimfuneko. Okulandelayo, zixube kakuhle.
- abanye. Ekugqibeleni, ngoko, emva koko, ukugqiba
Imizekelo esetyenziswayo
Ukubethelela ukuqonda kwakho, le theyibhile ilandelayo ishwankathela iindidi zamagama enguqu kwaye inika imizekelo ecacileyo, ecacileyo. Esi sishwankathelo sisebenza njengesalathiso esikhawulezayo kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yamagama enguqu, sincedisa ingcaciso eneenkcukacha enikelwe apha ngasentla:
| itheko | Umzekelo wokusetyenziswa | Amagama enguqu |
| Ukongeza | Iprojekthi yethu yayiphantsi kohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Ngaphezu koko, yagqitywa ngaphambi kwexesha elimiselweyo. | ngaphezu koko, ukongeza, ngaphezulu |
| U mahluko | Le noveli ifumene imbeko ebalulekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ayizange ibe yeyona nto ithengiswa kakhulu. | nangona kunjalo, endaweni yoko |
| Unobangela kunye nefuthe | Waziqeqesha ngamandla kangangeenyanga. Ngoko ke, uloyiso lwakhe kukhuphiswano lwalufanelekile. | ke ngoko, ngenxa yoko, ngenxa yoko |
| Ukulandelelana | Ekuqaleni, icebo lalibonakala lingenasiphako. Ekugqibeleni, kwavela imiba emininzi. | ekuqaleni, ngoko, ekugqibeleni |
Ukukhetha inguqu elungileyo
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ayingawo onke amagama atshintshekayo, nokuba kudidi olufanayo.
Umahluko omncinane wegama ngalinye unokudlulisela intsingiselo ekhethekileyo. Xa uthandabuza ngeyona njongo okanye ukufaneleka kwegama lenguqulelo, ukujonga isichazi-magama esithembekileyo kunokunikela ingcaciso nokuqinisekisa ukuba igama elikhethiweyo liwufanelekela kakuhle umongo.
Ngokudibanisa ezi ntlobo zahlukeneyo zamagama enguqu ekubhaleni, unokuphucula ukucaca, ukuhambelana, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwesicatshulwa, ukhokela abafundi bakho kwiingxoxo kunye nokubalisa ngokulula.
Ukujonga imigibe yamagama enguqu
Amagama enguqu, xa esetyenziswe gwenxa, anokubhida kunokuba acacise ukubhala kwakho. Kubalulekile ukuba ungafumani iintsingiselo zazo kuphela kodwa kwanendima yazo yegrama ukuze uphephe ukubhideka ngempazamo.
Ukutolikwa gwenxa kunye nokusetyenziswa kakubi
Amagama enguqu ngamanye amaxesha anokubangela ukuba ababhali baphosise, babangele iingxelo ezingacacanga okanye ezilahlekisayo. Oku kwenzeka xa kukho ukungangqinelani phakathi kodibaniso lwengqiqo olucetywayo kunye negama lotshintsho elisetyenzisiweyo.
Ukusebenzisa kakubi “ngoko”
"Ngoko ke" lisetyenziswa rhoqo ukubonisa ubudlelwane besizathu kunye nesiphumo. Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kuvela xa kusetyenziswe apho kungekho sizathu sibambekayo, esikhokelela ekubhidekeni:
- Umzekelo wokusetyenziswa kakubi. “Iqela lenze imifuniselo emininzi. Ngoko ke, isiphumo sokugqibela asiqinisekanga.”
- Ukulungiswa. “Iqela lenze imifuniselo emininzi. Isiphumo sokugqibela asiqinisekanga.”
Ukuqala izivakalisi ngotshintsho olungacwangciswanga
Ukuqala izivakalisi ngo-“kwaye,” “kodwa,” “ngoko,” okanye “kwakhona” kuxhaphakile kulwimi lwemihla ngemihla kodwa unokungatyhafiswa ekubhaleni okusesikweni ngenxa yethowuni eqhelekileyo eyidalayo:
- Umzekelo wokusetyenziswa kakubi. "kwaye Uphononongo lwaqukunjelwa ngaphandle kweziphumo ezicacileyo. "
- Ukulungiswa. "Uphononongo, ngaphezu koko, luphelile ngaphandle kweziphumo ezicacileyo."
Ukudala izivakalisi ezicandekileyo
Amagama oguqulo afana no "nangona" kunye "nokuba" akufuneki azimele odwa njengezivakalisi ezipheleleyo kuba zihlala zizisa amagatya axhomekeke afuna ukuba igatya eliphambili ligqitywe:
- Isivakalisi esiqhekezayo. “Nangona ingcamango yayithembisa. Iziphumo beziphikisana.”
- Ukulungiswa. "Nangona i-hypothesis yayithembisa, iziphumo zaziphikisana."
Ukudityaniswa ngokugqithisileyo kunye "kanye"
Ibinzana elithi "kunye no" lihlala lisetyenziswa ngokungafaniyo no "kunye," kodwa linokwazisa ukuntsokotha okungafunekiyo, ngakumbi xa izinto ezidityanisiweyo zingabalulekanga ngokulinganayo:
- Umzekelo wokusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo. “Le ngxelo ibandakanya iindlela zehlabathi, njengo izifundo ezithile. ”
- Ukulungiswa. "Le ngxelo ibandakanya iindlela zehlabathi kunye nezifundo ezithile."
Ingxaki ka “kunye/okanye”
Ukusebenzisa “kunye/okanye” kunokubonwa njengokungacacanga kwaye kufuneka kuphetshwe ekubhaleni okusesikweni. Kuhlala kucace ngakumbi ukucacisa inketho enye, enye, okanye ukuphinda uchaze kwakhona ukuze kucace ngcono:
- Ukubhidanisa ukusetyenziswa. “Abathathi-nxaxheba banokukhetha ibhasi kunye / okanye uloliwe wokuthutha.”
- Ukulungiswa. "Abathathi-nxaxheba banokukhetha ibhasi, uloliwe, okanye zombini zokuhamba."
Ukuphepha amabinzana akudala
Amabinzana aqulunqwe ngokuthi “apha,” “apha,” okanye “apho” anesalathandawo (njengesithi “ngapha” okanye “apha”) angavakala ephelelwe lixesha kwaye angawubhida umyalezo wakho:
- Umzekelo wamandulo. “Thina ngale nto bhengeza iziphumo eziqinisekisiweyo. "
- Ukulungiswa. "Sibhengeza ukuba iziphumo ziqinisekisiwe."
Ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokucacisa
Ngelixa ukwazi kakuhle ukusetyenziswa kwamagama enguqu kungundoqo ekuphuculeni ukuhamba kunye nokuhambelana kokubhala kwakho, kukwaluncedo ukuba nengcali yokuphonononga umsebenzi wakho ukuze ucace ngokupheleleyo kunye nefuthe. Inkonzo yethu yokuhlaziya amaxwebhu inikezela ngophononongo olubanzi lwesicatshulwa sakho, ibonelela ngengqiqo kungekuphela nje kusetyenziso olufanelekileyo lwamagama enguqu kodwa kunye nesakhiwo ngokubanzi, igrama kunye nesimbo. Ngokusebenzisana nabahleli bethu abanezakhono, unokuqinisekisa ukuba ukubhala kwakho kukhazimlisiwe, kuyabandakanya, kwaye akukho iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo oko kunokuphazamisa okanye kudideke abafundi bakho.
Makhe sikuncede uphucule unxibelelwano lwakho, siqinisekise ukuba izimvo zakho zinikwa ngokucacileyo nangempumelelo.
Izicwangciso ezisebenzayo zokusebenzisa amagama otshintsho
Emva kokujongana nemigibe eqhelekileyo, masitshintshele kubuchule obunokukuxhobisa ukuba usebenzise amagama enguqu ngempumelelo ngakumbi, siqinisekisa ukuba ukubhala kwakho akucacanga nje, kodwa kukwanyanzelisa. Nazi iindlela eziphambili zokutyebisa isakhono sakho sokubhala:
- Fumana ubudlelwane obusisiseko. Igama ngalinye lenguquko linenjongo eyodwa, lidibanisa izimvo ngokubonisa umahluko, ukudibanisa, unobangela nesiphumo, okanye ulandelelwano. Ukucaca, thelekisa igama loguqulo kubudlelwane obuchanekileyo onqwenela ukubudlulisela. Umzekelo, xa utshintsha ukusuka kwingxaki ukuya kwisisombululo, "ngaloo ndlela" okanye "ngenxa yoko" inokuba yinto efanelekileyo.
- Yamkela ezahlukeneyo. Ukuwela kumkhwa wokuphindaphinda ukusebenzisa amagama ambalwa owathandayo okutshintshayo kunokukwenza ukuba ukubhala kwakho kube mnandi. Yandisa ukhetho lwakho ngokujonga uluhlu olubanzi lwamagama enguqu. Le yantlukwano iya kugcina ukubhala kwakho kunomdla kwaye kunomdla wokufunda.
- Sebenzisa ngononophelo kwimpembelelo engcono. Nangona amagama atshintshayo enceda ukubhala kwakho kuhambe kakuhle, ukusebenzisa okuninzi kunokwenza umbhalo wakho ube mdaka kwaye ubhuqe umyalezo wakho. Zisebenzise ngobulumko, uqinisekisa ukuba nganye iphucula ngokwenene ukubhala kwakho. Khumbula, ngamanye amaxesha eyona nguqulelo inamandla sisivakalisi esakhiwe kakuhle.
- Qwalasela ukubekwa ukuze ugxininise. Nangona kuqhelekile ukubeka amagama enguqu ekuqaleni kwesivakalisi, ukuwafaka phakathi kwesivakalisi okanye ekupheleni kunokunika isingqisho esitsha kwaye kugxininise iingcamango ezibalulekileyo. Zama ngokubekwa ukuze ufumanise ukuba yeyiphi eyona nto iphucula ukubalisa kwakho ibali.
- Zibophelele ukuziqhelanisa kwaye ufune impendulo. Ukuba ngcono ekusebenziseni amagama enguqu, njengaso nasiphi na isakhono sokubhala, kuza nokuziqhelanisa. Ukuziqhelanisa nokubhala rhoqo, kunye nokufuna impendulo kubalingane okanye abacebisi, kunokukhanyisa iinkalo zokuphucula kunye namathuba amatsha okuphucula ukusebenzisa kwakho utshintsho.
Ukubandakanya ezi zicwangciso akuyi kuphucula kuphela ukuhambelana kunye nokufundeka kokubhala kwakho kodwa kukwenza ukuba kubandakanyeke ngakumbi kwaye kucenge, kuphuculwe ukukwazi ukuhambisa iingcamango zakho ngokufanelekileyo. Uhambo oluya kubuchule bokubhala luyaqhuba, luphuculwa sisiqwengana ngasinye osibhalayo kunye nenxalenye nganye yengxelo oyifumanayo.
isiphelo
| Amagama otshintsho ngabayili abathuleyo bokubhala kwethu, benxibelelanisa iingcinga kunye neengcinga zethu ngaphandle komthungo. Esi sikhokelo sikuhambile ngokubaluleka kwabo, ukusuka kwiziseko ukuya kwizicwangciso eziphambili kunye nemigibe eqhelekileyo. Khumbula, ukusetyenziswa ngobuchule kwezi ziqhagamshelo zolwimi kunokuguqula ukubhala kwakho ukusuka kwisicatshulwa esilula ukuya kwingxelo enyanzelisayo. Uhambo lokuqonda amagama enguqu luyaqhuba, lulolongelwe sisivakalisi ngasinye osibhalayo kunye nengxelo nganye oyifumanayo. Nokuba usaqala okanye ungumbhali onamava, qhubeka uphonononga kwaye uphucule ukusebenzisa kwakho ezi zinto zibalulekileyo. Igama ngalinye olikhethayo malibe linyathelo eliya ekubhaleni okucacileyo, okubandakanya ngakumbi. |
