7 Izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokufaka isicelo sesikole seziqu

Nakuba umbono wokufaka isicelo sesikole esineziqu ungase ubonakale unzima, ungalawuleka ngokuhlukanisa yonke inqubo ibe yizinyathelo ezingu-7 ezibalulekile.

1. Khetha ukuthi yiziphi izinhlelo ofuna ukuzifaka ezifundweni zesikole.
2. Bala umugqa wesikhathi wohlelo lwakho lokusebenza.
3. Cela okulotshiweyo nezincwadi zokuncoma.
4. Gcwalisa noma yikuphi ukuhlola okujwayelekile okugunyazwe uhlelo.
5. Dala i-resume yakho noma i-CV.
6. Yakha isitatimende sakho senhloso kanye/noma isitatimende sakho.
7. Lungela izinhlolokhono, uma kufanele.

Izidingo zohlelo lokusebenza zingahluka kuye ngohlelo nesikhungo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi ubuyekeze ngokucophelela iwebhusayithi yesikole ngasinye ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo sesikole esineziqu. Noma kunjalo, izinyathelo ezibalulekile zivame ukuhlala zingashintshi.

Khetha ukuthi yiziphi izinhlelo ofuna ukuzifaka ezifundweni zesikole

Isinyathelo sokuqala senqubo ukukhetha uhlelo. Qala ngokuzibandakanya ne-alumni, abafundi bamanje bezinhlelo ozithandayo, kanye nezingcweti emkhakheni wakho wemisebenzi oyifunayo. Buza ngale mibuzo elandelayo:

• Ingabe i-graduate degree iyadingeka ukuze ufake isicelo sesikole seziqu? Kungase kwenzeke ukuphishekela lo mkhakha usebenzisa isipiliyoni nemfundo osuvele unayo.
• Ingabe nginethuba elingokoqobo lokwamukelwa kulolu hlelo uma ngifaka isicelo sesikole esineziqu kulolu hlelo? Zibekele imigomo ephezulu, kodwa gwema ukumosha imali yesicelo ezikoleni okungenzeka zifinyeleleke kalula. Qinisekisa ukuthi unezinhlelo ezimbalwa eziyisipele lapho uqiniseka khona mayelana namathuba akho okwamukelwa.
• Ingabe ubuhlakani nabasebenzi balesi sikhungo banikeza isikhathi esanele sabafundi babo? Ikakhulukazi ocwaningweni, ikhwalithi yokugada nokufundisa idlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni izinzuzo ozizuza ohlelweni.
• Zithini izindleko eziphelele zohlelo? Ngenkathi izinhlelo eziningi zeziqu zinikeza uhlobo oluthile losizo lwezezimali, ezinye zingadinga iningi labafundi ukuthi likhokhe zonke izindleko ngezimali mboleko nezinye izindlela zezimali.
• Injani imakethe yemisebenzi yabafundi bangaphambili balolu hlelo? Izinhlelo eziningi zibonisa imiphumela yemisebenzi yabathweswe iziqu zabo kumawebhusayithi abo. Uma ulwazi olunjalo lungatholakali, ungathintana ngokukhululekile nomphathi wohlelo futhi ulucele.

Uhlelo lwe-Master's noma lwe-PhD

Esinye sezinqumo ezibaluleke kakhulu ozohlangabezana nazo ukuthi uyasifaka yini isicelo. Nalu uhlu lokuqhathanisa olugqamisa umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinhlelo zeMasters nePhD:

Izici eziqhathaniswayo	Isiqu esiphezulu	Uhlelo lwe-PhD
Ubude besikhathi	Ngokuvamile kuqedwa eminyakeni engu-1-2.	Ngokujwayelekile kuthatha iminyaka emi-4 kuye kweyisi-7 ukuqeda, kuya ngenkundla nenqubekela phambili yomuntu ngamunye.
Focus	Kuhloselwe ukuthuthukisa amakhono omsebenzi othile.	Idizayinelwe ukulungiselela abantu imisebenzi yezemfundo noma egxile ocwaningweni.
Ubuchwepheshe	Inikeza okukhethekile okuhlukahlukene ngaphakathi kwenkambu.	Kubandakanya ucwaningo olunzulu kanye nekhono ngaphakathi kwenkambu ethile.
Ucwaningo	Igcizelela umsebenzi wezifundo futhi ingafaka ithisisi ende yesemester noma i-capstone.	E-United States, izinhlelo eziningi ze-PhD zifaka phakathi izifundo zeziqu ze-masters eminyakeni emibili yokuqala, okulandelwa ukugxila ekulungiseleleni uhlaka olude, ucezu lwangempela locwaningo.
Ukulungela Umsebenzi	Okuhloswe ngayo ukulungiselela abafundi ukuthi bangene ngokushesha emakethe yemisebenzi.	Iholela ikakhulukazi emisebenzini yezemfundo, izikhungo zocwaningo, noma izimboni ezikhethekile.
Izinga lezemfundo	Imvamisa kubhekwa idigri yesiphetho emikhakheni ethile kodwa hhayi eyezemfundo/yocwaningo.	Iziqu zezemfundo eziphakeme kakhulu umuntu angazithola emikhakheni eminingi.
Okudingekayo	Ingase ibe nezimfuneko ezithile ze-undergraduate kuye ngohlelo.	Ngokuvamile kudinga iziqu ze-master noma okulinganayo emkhakheni ohlobene ukuze wamukelwe.
Ukuzibophezela Isikhathi	Idinga ukutshalwa kwezimali isikhathi esifushane uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlelo ze-PhD.	Idinga ukutshalwa kwezimali isikhathi esibalulekile ngenxa yocwaningo olubanzi nocwaningo oluhilelekile.
I-Faculty Mentorship	Ukwelulekwa kobuhlakani obunomkhawulo	Ukuqeqeshwa okubanzi kobuhlakani, ngokubambisana okusondele phakathi kwabafundi nabeluleki.

Zombili izinhlelo ze-master's kanye ne-PhD zinikeza inkokhelo yomholo, ihlinzeka ngama-23% engeziwe no-26% ngokulandelanayo, uma kuqhathaniswa nomuntu onediploma yesikole samabanga aphezulu. Nakuba izinhlelo ze-master ngezikhathi ezithile zinikeza imifundaze, akuvamile. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izinhlelo eziningi ze-PhD ziyeka imali yokufunda futhi zinikeze imali yokuziphilisa ngokushintshanisa ukuba ngumsizi wokufundisa noma wocwaningo.

Yenza imephu yesikhathi sokufaka isicelo sesikole seziqu

Ukufaka isicelo sokuphothula esikoleni, isihluthulelo siwukuqala inqubo kusenesikhathi! Kungakhathalekile ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lohlelo, kuyancomeka ukuthi uqale ucabangele izinhlelo zakho zokufaka isicelo sesikole esineziqu cishe izinyanga eziyi-18 ngaphambi kosuku oluhlosiwe lokuqala.

Izinhlelo eziningi zineminqamulajuqu eqinile—imvamisa izinyanga eziyi-6–9 ngaphambi kwedethi yokuqala. Abanye banalokho okubizwa ngokuthi “izinsuku zokugcina”, okusho ukuthi uma usithumela ngaphambi kwesikhathi isicelo, yilapho uthola khona isinqumo ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Noma iyiphi indlela, kufanele uhlose ukungena kuzo zonke izicelo zakho ngaphambi konyaka omusha ngedethi yokuqala ngoSepthemba olandelayo noma ngo-Okthoba. Hlela ngokucophelela umugqa wesikhathi wesicelo sakho, njengoba isinyathelo ngasinye singathatha isikhathi eside kunokulindelekile. Vumela isikhathi esengeziwe esanele sokuqeda.

Ngezansi kunethebula elinikeza umbono wokuthi singakanani isikhathi ozosidinga semisebenzi ebalulekile yohlelo lokusebenza.

Isabelo	Ubude besikhathi
Ukufundela ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile	Isikhathi singahluka phakathi kwezinyanga ezi-2 kuye kweziyi-5, kuye ngenani lemizamo edingekayo.
Icela izincwadi zokuncoma	Qala inqubo ezinyangeni eziyisi-6-8 ngaphambi kweminqamulajuqu ukuze unikeze abancomi bakho isikhathi esanele.
Ukubhala isitatimende senhloso	Qala okusalungiswa kokuqala okungenani ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi komnqamulajuqu, njengoba uzodinga isikhathi esanele semijikelezo eminingi yokuhlela kabusha nokuhlela. Uma uhlelo ludinga indatshana engaphezu kweyodwa, qala ngaphambi kwesikhathi!
Icela imibhalo	Qedela lo msebenzi kusenesikhathi, uvumele noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingalindelekile—okungenani izinyanga ezingu-1–2 ngaphambi kweminqamulajuqu.
Ukugcwalisa amafomu ezicelo	Nikeza okungenani inyanga eyodwa kulo msebenzi—kungase kube nemininingwane eyengeziwe oyidingayo ukuze ucwaninge, okukwenza kudle isikhathi esiningi kunalokho obekulindelwe.

Cela okulotshiweyo nezincwadi zokuncoma

lapho ufaka isicelo sesikole esineziqu, ngaphezu kwemibhalo yamabanga akho, izikole eziningi ezineziqu zidinge i-2 kuya kwezi-3 izincwadi zokuncoma ezivela kosolwazi bangaphambili noma abaphathi.

Okubhalwe phansi

Imvamisa, kufanele uhambise imibhalo evela kuzo zonke izikhungo ze-postsecondary owafunda kuzo, noma ngabe ubungeyena umfundi wesikhathi esigcwele lapho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izikhathi zokufunda phesheya noma amakilasi athathwa usesesikoleni esiphakeme.

Qiniseka ukuthi ubuyekeza izimfuneko zolimi zokulotshiweyo. Uma zingekho ngesiNgisi futhi ufaka isicelo enyuvesi yase-US noma yase-UK, cishe uzodinga ukuthi zihunyushwe ngokomsebenzi. Amasevisi amaningana aku-inthanethi anikeza le nketho, lapho ungalayisha khona umbhalo wakho futhi uthole ikhophi ehunyushiwe neqinisekisiwe phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa.

Izincomo

Izincwadi zokuncoma zibaluleke kakhulu kuhlelo lokusebenza. Kufanele kucatshangwe ngamabomu ukuthi ubani omcelayo nokuthi ukhuluma kanjani naye. Izinyathelo ezilandelayo zingakusiza ekutholeni izincwadi ezingcono kakhulu zesicelo sakho:

• Khetha umuntu ofanelekayo ozocela isincomo. Ngokufanelekile, lona kufanele kube uprofesa owake waba nokuxhumana okuqinile naye ngaphandle kwekilasi, nakuba kungase kube umphathi noma umqondisi wocwaningo ongafakazela amandla akho okuphumelela esikoleni esiphakeme.
• Cela izincomo, futhi ucabange ukubuza ukuthi bangakunikeza yini incwadi “eqinile,” ebavumela indlela elula yokuphuma uma kudingeka.
• Yabelana nge-resume yakho kanye nokusalungiswa kwesitatimende senhloso nomncomeli wakho. Lawa madokhyumenti angabasiza ekubhaleni incwadi ephoqayo ehambisana nokulandisa okuphelele kwesicelo sakho.
• Khumbuza abancomi bakho mayelana nezinsuku zokugcina ezizayo. Uma kuseduze nomnqamulajuqu futhi ungakayitholi impendulo, isikhumbuzi esinesizotha singaba usizo.

Gcwalisa noma yikuphi ukuhlola okujwayelekile okugunyazwe uhlelo

Iningi lezinhlelo zokuthweswa iziqu zaseMelika zidinga ukuthi ubhale izivivinyo ezijwayelekile, kuyilapho iningi lezinhlelo ezingezona ezaseMelika zingakwenzi, yize izidingo zishintshile kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje.

Ukuhlolwa	Kuhilelani?
GRE (Graduate record examinations) jikelele	Iningi lezinhlelo zesikole ezineziqu e-United States zigunyaza i-GRE, ehlola amakhono omlomo nezibalo, kanye nekhono lokubhala indaba ephikisana kahle nenengqondo. Ngokuvamile, i-GRE iqondiswa kukhompuyutha esikhungweni sokuhlola, futhi abahloli banikezwa amaphuzu abo okuqala ekupheleni kweseshini.
Isihloko se-GRE	Izivivinyo ezikhethekile zihlola ulwazi lwabafundi ezindaweni eziyisithupha ezihlukene: i-biology, ikhemistri, i-physics, i-psychology, izibalo, nezincwadi zesiNgisi. Izinhlelo zabathweswe iziqu ezifuna izinga eliphezulu lobuchule bezibalo ngokuvamile zenza abafake izicelo bathathe eyodwa yalezi zivivinyo.
I-GMAT (isivivinyo sokwamukelwa kokuphathwa kweziqu)	Lokhu kuhlolwa okulawulwa ngedijithali kuyadingeka ukuze kwamukelwe esikoleni sebhizinisi e-US naseCanada (yize abaningi manje bayamukela i-GRE). Ihlola amakhono omlomo nezibalo futhi ivumelane nokusebenza komhloli, yethule imibuzo enzima uma iphendulwa ngendlela efanele kanye nelula uma iphendulwa ngokungalungile.
I-MCAT (isivivinyo sokwamukelwa ekolishi lezokwelapha)	Inketho ekhethwayo yokwamukelwa esikoleni sezokwelapha ingenye yezivivinyo ezinde kakhulu, ezithatha amahora angama-7.5. Ihlola ulwazi ku-chemistry, biology, kanye ne-psychology, kanye namakhono okucabanga ngamazwi.
I-LSAT (Isivivinyo sokwamukelwa esikoleni somthetho)	Kuyisibopho sokwamukelwa esikoleni somthetho e-US noma e-Canada, lolu vivinyo luhlola amakhono okucabanga anengqondo nangokwezwi, kanye nokuqonda kokufunda. Isetshenziswa ngokwedijithali, ngokuvamile esikhungweni sokuhlola eduze nabanye abafundi.

Dala i-resume yakho noma i-CV

Cishe uzodinga ukunikeza i-resume noma i-CV. Qinisekisa ukuthi unamathela kunoma iyiphi imikhawulo yobude; uma lingekho elishiwo, hlomela ikhasi elilodwa uma kungenzeka, noma amakhasi amabili uma kudingeka.

Lapho ulungiselela ukufaka isicelo sesikole seziqu, faka imisebenzi ehlobene ehlobene nohlobo lohlelo onentshisekelo kulo, kunokufaka kuhlu wonke umsebenzi owodwa obambe iqhaza kuwo. Cabangela ukufaka phakathi izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Okuhlangenwe nakho kocwaningo. Gqamisa noma imaphi amaphrojekthi ocwaningo, okushicilelwe, noma izethulo zengqungquthela.
• Izimpumelelo zezemfundo. Faka ohlwini noma yimiphi imiklomelo yezemfundo, imifundaze, noma ukuhlonishwa okutholiwe.
• Izifundo nama-workshops afanelekile. Faka noma yiziphi izifundo ezengeziwe noma ama-workshops owathathile ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lwakho endaweni yesifundo.
• Amakhono. Bonisa amakhono athile afana nezilimi zokuhlela, izindlela zocwaningo, noma uchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe.
• Ukwazi ulimi. Yisho noma yiziphi izilimi zakwamanye amazwe owazi kahle, ikakhulukazi uma zihambisana nohlelo lwakho lwezemfundo.
• Amaphrojekthi womuntu siqu. Uma kusebenza, sho noma imaphi amaphrojekthi omuntu siqu noma imizamo ehlobene nohlelo oluthandayo.
• Umuzwa wokuzithandela. Gqamisa noma yimuphi umsebenzi wokuzithandela okhombisa ukuzibophezela kwakho emkhakheni wakho wokufunda.

Uma ufaka isicelo kuhlelo lobungcweti, olufana nesikole sebhizinisi, noma ulungiselela ukufaka isicelo sesikole seziqu kwezinye iziyalo, beka phambili ukugqamisa impumelelo yakho yobungcweti. Kwezinye izinhlelo, gxila ekuboniseni impumelelo yakho kwezemfundo nocwaningo.

Yakha isitatimende sakho senhloso kanye/noma isitatimende sakho

Uma ufaka isicelo sesikole esineziqu, isicelo sakho sincike kakhulu esitatimendeni esilungiselelwe kahle senhloso kanye nesitatimende somuntu siqu. Le mibhalo ibalulekile ekuxhumaneni ngqo nekomiti lokwamukelwa, idlulisele ngempumelelo uhambo lwakho lokufunda, izifiso zomsebenzi, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okuyingqayizivele okube nomthelela esinqumweni sakho sokuphishekela imfundo eyengeziwe.

Ukubhala isitatimende senhloso

Buyekeza ngokucophelela imiyalelo yesitatimende sakho senhloso, njengoba ezinye izinhlelo zingase zihlanganise nemiyalelo ethile okufanele iqondiswe endabeni yakho. Uma ufaka isicelo ezinhlelweni eziningi, qiniseka ukuthi isitatimende sakho sifanelana nolunye, ubonisa ukuqondana kwakho neminikelo yazo ehlukile.

Isitatimende senhloso esisebenzayo kufanele sihlanganise:

• Isingeniso kanye nesizinda semfundo.
• Imigomo yezemfundo nomsebenzi, ukuqondanisa uhlelo.
• Izisusa nothando lwenkundla.
• Okuhlangenwe nakho okuhlobene nezimpumelelo.
• Amakhono ayingqayizivele neminikelo.
• Imithelela yomuntu siqu ohambweni lwezemfundo.
• Izifiso zesikhathi esizayo kanye nezinzuzo zohlelo.

Isitatimende senhloso kufanele sidlulele ekubeni wuhlelo nje lwesigaba. Thuthukisa inani layo ngokuchaza iminikelo yakho yomuntu siqu kumaphrojekthi nemininingwane ezuzwe kumakilasi asohlwini.

Ukwengeza, qiniseka ukuthi isitatimende sakho sifundeka kahle futhi asinawo amaphutha olimi. Funa impendulo kumngane, futhi ucabange ukuqasha isihloli sokuhlola esiqeqeshiwe ukuze uthole isibuyekezo esengeziwe.

Ukubhala isitatimende somuntu siqu

Izicelo ezithile zesikole ezineziqu zingase zidinge isitatimende somuntu siqu eceleni kwesitatimende sakho senhloso.

Isitatimende somuntu siqu, esivame ukudingeka lapho ufaka isicelo sesikole esineziqu, ngokuvamile sithatha ithoni ehlelekile kancane kunesitatimende senhloso. Inikeza isikhala esengeziwe sokubonisa isizinda sakho somuntu siqu. Lesi sitatimende sisebenzela ukwakha indaba ekhombisa ubuwena futhi sibonisa indlela okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho kwempilo okuqhube ngayo esinqumweni sakho sokuphishekela iziqu zakho.

Ngezansi kukhona izinkomba ezibalulekile zokwenza isitatimende somuntu siqu esiphoqayo:

• Qala ngokuvula okudonsa amehlo.
• Bonisa ukukhula kwakho komuntu siqu kanye nezemfundo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Uma ubhekene nezinselele zemfundo, chaza ukuthi uzinqobe kanjani.
• Xoxa ngokuthi kungani unentshisekelo kulo mkhakha, uwuxhumanise nolwazi lwakho lwangaphambilini.
• Chaza izifiso zakho zomsebenzi nokuthi lolu hlelo luzokusiza kanjani ekufezeni.

Ukuthuthukisa isicelo sakho ngesevisi yethu yokuhlola amaphutha

Ngemuva kokulungiselela isitatimende sakho senhloso nesitatimende sakho, cabanga ukusebenzisa inkundla yethu izinsiza zokufunda nokuhlela ukuze ucwenge amadokhumenti akho. Ithimba lethu lochwepheshe lizosiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izitatimende zakho zicacile, azinawo amaphutha, futhi zidlulisele ngempumelelo indaba yakho eyingqayizivele kanye neziqu. Lesi sinyathelo esengeziwe singakhuphula kakhulu ikhwalithi yohlelo lwakho lokusebenza, sibonise umsebenzi wakho nokunaka imininingwane.

Lungela izinhlolokhono, uma kufanele.

Inhlolokhono yesikole yabafundi abaphothule isebenza njengesinyathelo sokugcina kule nqubo. Yize kungezona zonke izikole eziqhuba inhlolokhono, uma eyakho yenza, qinisekisa ukuthi uzilungiselele kahle:

• Funda iwebhusayithi yohlelo olufakela isicelo.
• Qonda ugqozi lwakho. Ukwazi ukuchaza ukuthi kungani ufuna ukuphishekela lolu hlelo oluthile lweziqu nokuthi luhambisana kanjani nezifiso zakho zomsebenzi.
• Phinda ufunde indlela yokuziphatha yenhlolokhono. Khombisa isimilo esihle, ukulalela ngokuzimisela, nokukhombisa ukuzethemba komzimba ngesikhathi senhlolokhono.
• Prakthiza imibuzo evamile. Lungiselela izimpendulo zemibuzo evamile yenhlolokhono, njengesizinda sakho semfundo, imigomo yomsebenzi, amandla, ubuthakathaka, kanye nentshisekelo kuhlelo.
• Gqamisa izinto ozifezile. Lungela ukuxoxa ngezimpumelelo zakho ezifundweni, ulwazi lwakho locwaningo, amaphrojekthi afanelekile, nemisebenzi yangemva kwesikole.
• Khuluma nabafundi bangaphambilini mayelana nolwazi lwabo lokuxoxisana.
• Funda amaphepha emkhakheni wokufunda onentshisekelo kuwo.

Njengoba izingxoxo eziningi zivame ukubuza imibuzo efanayo, kubalulekile ukuba nombono ocacile wokuthi uzophendula kanjani. Eminye yemibuzo evame kakhulu ihlanganisa:

• Yini ongayiletha kulolu hlelo futhi kungani kufanele sikuvume?
• Ayini amandla akho kanye nobuthakathaka bakho ezifundweni?
• Sitshele ngocwaningo oluphothulile noma ofake isandla kulo.
• Uzibona unikela kanjani esikoleni/emphakathini wethu?
• Chaza ukuthi uwusingatha kanjani umsebenzi weqembu noma ukusebenzisana nontanga.
• Yini ongayiletha kulolu hlelo futhi kungani kufanele sikuvume?
• Ubani ongathanda ukusebenza naye kulolu hlelo?
• Yiziphi izinjongo zakho zesikhathi esifushane nezesikhathi eside zemfundo noma umsebenzi?

Qinisekisa ukuthi ufika nesethi yemibuzo elungiselelwe yababuza imibuzo. Buza ngamathuba okuthola imali, ukufinyeleleka komeluleki, izinsiza ezitholakalayo, kanye namathemba emisebenzi ngemva kokuphothula iziqu.

Isiphetho

Ukufaka isicelo sesikole esineziqu kuyinqubo ehlelekile edinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela ezinyathelweni eziyisikhombisa ezibalulekile. Ukwehlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlelo ze-Master's kanye ne-PhD, ukulungisa izinto zokufaka izicelo ezihambisanayo, nokuqonda izidingo ezithile zesikhungo kubalulekile. Ucwaningo olufika ngesikhathi, ukunaka imininingwane, kanye nokwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ulufanelekela uhlelo kubalulekile ukuze ungene.