Uzabalaza nesikrini esingenalutho kanye nenqwaba yemibono ekhanda lakho? Ungakhathazeki! Iqhinga liwukuhlela ukwaziswa kwakho kahle. Ukwaziswa okuhlelwe kahle kusebenza njengesisekelo sokwenza indaba ye-A-grade. Ihlukanisa umbuzo we-eseyi ube yizicucu ezilula, ikwenze kube lula kuwe ukuhambisa imicabango yakho, wenze isitatimende esiqinile se-thesis, futhi ugcine ukugeleza okunengqondo. Ngosizo lwemisebenzi ehleliwe yokubhala ngaphambilini njengokuxoxisana nokuchaza, ungakwazi ukufunda umsebenzi wokubhala futhi uqinisekise ukuthi uhlangabezana nayo yonke imihlahlandlela. Ngokwenza kanjalo, udala imephu yomgwaqo ekuqondisayo kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni, uqinisekisa ukuthi indaba yakho ayigxili kuphela futhi ihlelwe kahle kodwa futhi ihambisana nomfundi.
Hlela ukwaziswa kwakho: Kusho ukuthini?
Ngokusho the Isichazamazwi se-Merriam-Webster, 'ukwaziswa' kusiza ukugqugquzela isenzo. Esimweni sokubhalwa kwe-eseyi, ukwaziswa kusebenza njengezinhlaka eziyisiqondiso ukuze zikusize ulungiselele i-eseyi ehlelekile. Benza okungaphezu nje kokusikisela isihloko; baveza izici ezibalulekile ezifana nalezi:
- Isihloko okufanele ugxile kuso
- Ifomethi ye-eseyi (isb., impikiswano, i-expository, njll.)
- Izidingo zokucaphuna (MLA, APA, njll.)
Ukuze uhlele ukwaziswa kwakho ngempumelelo, qala ngokuqonda ingxenye yayo ngayinye. Lokhu kwenza inqubo yokubhala indaba ibe lula. Isixwayiso esiqondwa kahle nesihlelekile sikusiza ukuthi uhlukanise umbuzo onzima wenze imisebenzi elula, okukuvumela ukuthi uqondise imibono yakho futhi wakhe ithisisi eqinile. Ukusebenzisa amasu okubhala ngaphambilini njengokuxoxisana kuqinisekisa ukuthi ulandela imihlahlandlela, ukuhlinzeka ngomephu womgwaqo we-eseyi ecacile, enengqondo, futhi enomthelela.
Hlela ukwaziswa kwakho: Isakhiwo nezingxenye
Lapho uphendula ukwaziswa kokubhala, isinyathelo sokuqala ukuhlela ukwaziswa kwakho ngempumelelo. Ukuqonda ukuthi ungahlaziya kanjani ngokushesha futhi uhlele i-eseyi yakho ngenxa yalokho kuyadingeka. I-eseyi yakho kufanele ifake izakhi ezimbalwa ezibalulekile: isingeniso esibeka isiteji, isitatimende sengqikithi esifingqa impikiswano yakho, izigaba zomzimba ezinikeza ubufakazi obusekelayo, nesiphetho esixhumanisa yonke into ndawonye.
Njengoba sijula, uzobona ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye yalezi zibalulekile ekuhleleni ngempumelelo ukwaziswa kwakho kanye nokuzulazula kwinqubo yokubhala. Ukulandela lesi sakhiwo akuqinisekisi nje kuphela ukuthi indaba yakho icacile futhi ihleleke kahle kodwa futhi kusiza ekutholeni imibono yakho ngempumelelo. Le ndlela, nayo, yenza indaba yakho ibe mnandi futhi ibe nomthelela kumfundi wakho.
Isingeniso sesihloko
Umlayezo wokubhala uvame ukuqala ngokwethula isihloko ukuze udonse ukunaka kombhali. Lesi sigaba sesethulo sibalulekile uma uhlela ukwaziswa kwakho. Ingabandakanya ukucaphuna okunengqondo, izibalo ezifanele, noma ulwazi olungemuva ukuze kusethwe umongo. Lolu lwazi lokuqala lusiza ukugxilisa imicabango yombhali esihlokweni, nangaphambi kokuba umsebenzi we-eseyi wangempela wethulwe.
Ngokwesibonelo:
- Amanga amhlophe amanga amancane, angenangozi, njengokuthi, “Ukugunda kwakho izinwele kubukeka kumangalisa!” lapho empeleni ungacabangi kanjalo. Abantu bavame ukusebenzisa amanga amancane ukuze bagweme ukulimaza imizwa yabanye noma banqande izingxabano ezingadingekile.
Kuleli qophelo, ukwaziswa akukakacacisi ukuthi umbhali kufanele axoxe ngani ngokuningiliziwe. Kunalokho, le migqa yesingeniso iqinisekisa ukuthi umbhali uyawuqonda umqondo 'wamanga amhlophe,' obeka isiteji somsebenzi wokubhala ozolandelwa.
Imihlahlandlela yokulungiselela
Ngemva kokwethulwa kwesihloko, umbhali wesaziso sokubhala uvame ukunikeza imihlahlandlela eyengeziwe ukuze akusize uhlele ukwaziswa kwakho ngempumelelo. Le miyalo yokuqala isebenza njengesisusa sokugxilisa ingqondo, ikukhuthaza ukuthi uhlole izici ezihlukahlukene zesihloko. Ukuxoxisana okuhlosiwe okunjalo kubalulekile ukuze ucacise imibono yakho futhi ubonise imibono yakho yokuqala, ngaleyo ndlela ubeke isisekelo se-eseyi ozoyibhala. Lesi sinyathelo siyadingeka kunoma yimuphi umbhali njengoba sisiza ekulungiseleleni impikiswano ephelele nenolwazi.
Ngokwesibonelo:
- Cabangela izinzuzo kanye nokubi kokuncoma ukuze nje ugcine ukuzwana komphakathi.
Nakuba lo mhlahlandlela ungacacisi ukuthi i-eseyi kufanele ixoxe ngani, ukhuthaza umlobi ukuba aqale ngokuhlolisisa izinhlangothi zombili zodaba, ebeka inkundla yempikiswano elinganiselayo nephoqayo.
Incazelo yesabelo
Engxenyeni yokugcina yesaziso sokubhala esiklanywe kahle, umbhali uvamise ukusho umsebenzi othize okufanele kubhekwane nawo, angavezi nje isihloko kodwa nanoma yimiphi imihlahlandlela ethile yokubhala, njengesakhiwo sendatshana noma ifomethi yokucaphuna. Lokhu kucaciseleka kususa ukudideka futhi kunikeza umbhali wendatshana iziyalezo ezinembayo okufanele abambelele kuzo. Le miyalo ingase iqukathe imininingwane mayelana nobude be-eseyi, inombolo edingekayo yemithombo, noma uhlobo lobufakazi okufanele bufakwe.
Ngokwesibonelo:
- Bhala indaba enezigaba ezinhlanu uhlola indima yezincomo ezinikezwe kuphela ngenxa yokuthula komphakathi, usebenzisa ifomethi ye-APA ukuze uthole izingcaphuno. Qiniseka ukuthi ufaka okungenani imithombo yezemfundo emithathu ukusekela ingxabano yakho.
Ngemva kokwamukela lo msebenzi onemininingwane, umbhali we-eseyi angabuyela emuva emanothini abo angaphambi kokubhala mayelana nezinzuzo kanye nobubi bokunikeza izincomo zokuzwana komphakathi. Lokhu kubasiza ukuba bakhe ithisisi eqinile nephumelelayo, babeke inkundla ye-eseyi ejabulisa futhi ecatshangwe kahle. Le ngxenye yokugcina yokwaziswa isebenza njengesisekelo sayo yonke inqubo yokubhala.
Hlela ukwaziswa kwakho: Ukhuluma nokwaziswa
Ukuze ubhekane ngokugcwele nawo wonke amasayizi okwaziswa, kubalulekile ukuhlela ukwaziswa kwakho ngokusifunda izikhathi eziningi. Lesi senzo sinciphisa ubungozi bokunganaki imininingwane ebalulekile, njengenani lamagama elishiwo noma ifomethi yengcaphuno ethile edingekayo.
Ukuzivocavoca kokubhala ngaphambilini kungenye indlela yokuhlela ukwaziswa kwakho, futhi kuyanconywa ngisho noma ukwaziswa kungakuceli ngokucacile. Ukuhlela ukwaziswa kwakho esigabeni sangaphambi kokubhala kusebenza njengesisekelo esibalulekile esiza ngaphambi kokubhalwa kwendatshana okuyiyonayona. Inqubo yokubhala ngaphambilini ingakusiza ukuthi uhlele kangcono ukwaziswa kwakho futhi ihlanganise nezinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Ukuhlaziya ukwaziswa. Ukuze uhlele ngempumelelo ukwaziswa kwakho, phenya ujule embhalweni wawo ukuze ufunde ukuthi yini ekucela ukuba ukwenze. Bheka amagama angukhiye nemishwana ekhombisa uhlobo lwe-eseyi okulindeleke ukuthi uyibhale noma isifundo okufanele usithathe.
- Ukuhlola isihloko. Zinike isikhathi sokuxoxa ngamathiphu ahlukene, imibono, noma izimpikiswano ezihlobene nesihloko esinikeziwe. Lokhu kukusiza ekunqumeni okugxilwe kukho kwe-eseyi yakho, ngaleyo ndlela wengeze ukwakheka okwengeziwe ekwazisweni kwakho.
- Ukudala uhlaka. Hlela ukwaziswa kwakho ngokukhetha ukulandelana kwamaphoyinti noma izihloko ozozihlanganisa endabeni yakho. Lolu hlaka luzosebenza njengemephu yomgwaqo, inqobo nje uma indaba yakho inengqondo futhi ibanzi.
Ngokulandela ngokucophelela lezi zinyathelo ukuze uhlele ukwaziswa kwakho, uzilungiselela ukuqamba indaba ecacile nehlelwe kahle.
Ukuhlukanisa izingxenye ze-prompt
Uma usuwufundile ukwaziswa ngokugcwele, isinyathelo sokuqala esibalulekile ukuwuhlephula ube izingxenye zawo ngazinye ukuze uhlele kangcono ukwaziswa kwakho. Lokhu 'kuhlakazwa' kokuqala kuyingxenye ebalulekile yomsebenzi wakho wokuqala, oklanyelwe ukucacisa kahle ukuthi ukwaziswa okuholela ekutheni wenzeni. Ngokuhlela ukwaziswa kwakho kube yizigaba eziqondakalayo, ubeka isiteji senqubo yokubhala indaba egxile kakhulu nefundekayo. Lesi sinyathelo asisizi nje kuphela ukukhomba izici ezibalulekile zesaziso kodwa futhi ibeka inkundla yempendulo ebanzi nephumelelayo.
Ukuhlonza umsebenzi wokubhala
Okokuqala futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ababhali kufanele bacacise ukuthi yini ukwaziswa okubacela ukuthi bakuqedele. Enye indlela yokuhlela ukwaziswa kwakho ngempumelelo ukuskena amagama angukhiye agxile esenzweni, asebenza njengezimpawu eziqondisa inkomba ye-eseyi yakho. Lawa magama angukhiye angafaka:
- Hlaziya
- Isibonelo
- Qhathanisa bese uqhathanisa
- Hlola
- Vikela
- Phikisana
- Chaza
- Fingqa
- Chaza
Ababhali kufanele futhi bacabangele isikhala esinikezwa isixwayiso sokutolika komuntu siqu. Eminye imiyalo ingase ikucele ngokucacile ukuthi usekele isikhundla esithile, kuyilapho eminye ingase ikunikeze inkululeko yokuzakhela eyakho imibono. Ngokuya ngegama elingukhiye lesenzo elikhonjiwe, isu lakho lokubhala kufanele lihluke ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Uma ukwaziswa kukuyala ukuthi 'Chaza' umcimbi: Gxila ekunikezeni i-akhawunti enemininingwane necacile, eyenza umcimbi ube ngokoqobo ngamazwi akho.
- Uma ukwaziswa kudinga ukuthi 'Uphikise' isikhundla: Yakha icala elikholisayo usebenzisa ubufakazi, izibonelo, nokucabanga okunengqondo ukuze usekele umbono wakho.
Ngokuphula umyalo ngale ndlela, ubeka inkundla ye-eseyi egxilile nefundekayo.
Imihlahlandlela yokufometha
Ababhali kufanele bahlaziye ukwaziswa kwanoma yiziphi izimfuneko zokufometha ezishiwo. Lezi zingaqukatha i-spectrum yezinto ezifana nalezi:
- Imikhawulo yokubalwa kwamagama
- Ukubalwa kwendima
- Imikhawulo yekhasi
- Ukuthumela isikhathi sokugcina
- Inombolo yemithombo edingekayo (isb, “ubuncane bezinkomba ezine zangaphandle”)
Uma ukwaziswa kunganikezi imiyalelo yokufometha ecacile, akufanele kuthathwe kalula ngokuthi ukucaphuna akudingekile. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ababhali kufanele baxhumane nomfundisi wabo noma banamathele kumhlahlandlela wesitayela sokucaphuna esijwayelekile.
Ukuhlela i-Prompt yakho
Ngemva kokuba umbhali ebonise izidingo ezithile zesaziso, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuhlela amasu. Lesi yisigaba esibalulekile sokukhiqiza imibono, ukubuza imibuzo, ngisho nokuxoxa ngamagugu kanye nezithiyo zesihloko okukhulunywa ngaso. Kungasetshenziswa amasu anhlobonhlobo ngesikhathi sokwenza amasu, okuhlanganisa nokuchaza okuhle nokubi, kusetshenziswa ama-“Five Ws” (Who, What, Where, When, Why), kanye nokufakwa kuhlu kwetimu noma imibono ehlobene.
Njengesinye isibonelo, uma umbhali ephendula ukwaziswa mayelana nomthelela wemvelo wemfashini esheshayo, angase acabangele le mibuzo elandelayo:
Ngokwesibonelo:
- Kungani abantu bethenga izinto zemfashini ezisheshayo?
- Ngingakwazi ukukhumbula isipiliyoni sami lapho ngakhetha khona imfashini esheshayo kunezinketho ezibekezeleleka?
- Iyini imiphumela yezemvelo yemfashini esheshayo?
- Ingabe zikhona izinzuzo zomphakathi noma zezomnotho emfashinini esheshayo?
- Ingabe imithelela engemihle kwezemvelo idlula izinzuzo, noma ngokuphambene?
Ngokucubungula le mibuzo, umbhali uzuza umbono ophelele ngesihloko, ozoba neqhaza ekubhaleni i-eseyi enokwethenjelwa nebanzi.
Ukwakha isitatimende sethisisi
Ngemva kokuba ababhali sebethuthukise ukuqonda okufingqiwe kwesihloko ngokuxoxa noma eminye imisebenzi yangaphambi kokubhala, sekuyisikhathi sokwakha isitatimende sethisisi. Lesi sitatimende sisebenza njengesimo esinembayo nesivikelekayo esihlokweni esingafakazelwa ngobufakazi.
Ukwakha isitatimende se-thesis kudinga ukuthi umbhali anikeze umbono ocacile, othize ngesihloko.
Ngokwesibonelo, lapho ekhuluma ngomthelela wemvelo wemfashini esheshayo, umbhali angase athi:
- Imfashini esheshayo ilimaza imvelo.
Isitatimende se-thesis esiqinile sifingqa ingqikithi yempikiswano emshweni ozimele. Ngokuyisisekelo ichaza izici eziyinhloko zempikiswano, ivumela umfundi ukuba aqonde umugqa wonke wokucabanga. Ukwakha isitatimende sethesis esibanzi, ababhali bangathuthukisa isimangalo sabo esiyinhloko ngokunikeza incazelo ngaso. Echaza ngokugomela kokuqala, umbhali angase athi:
Ngokwesibonelo:
- Imfashini esheshayo iyingozi emvelweni ngoba inomthelela ekusaphazeni, yenza kube kubi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, futhi ikhumbula imikhuba yezisebenzi engafanele.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ababhali bangase bazizwe bekulungele ukwethula isitatimende sabo sethisisi ngemishwana efana nokuthi 'Ngiyacabanga' noma 'Ngiyakholwa.' Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa komuntu wokuqala ngokuvamile akukhuthazwa ekubhaleni kwezemfundo ezitatimendeni ze-thesis. Lezi ziqu zingawenza buthaka umthelela wempikiswano. Njengoba isitatimende se-thesis ngokwemvelo simele umbono wombhali ngaphakathi kwe-eseyi, imishwana enjalo iphindaphinda.
Ukuqoqa ubufakazi obuzwakalayo bempikiswano yakho
Ngemva kokwenza isitatimende se-thesis esichazwe kahle, isinyathelo esilandelayo esibalulekile sababhali siwukuqoqa ubufakazi obugculisayo ukuze basekele izimangalo zabo. Nakuba ababhali kungenzeka sebenombono onengqondo, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa leyo mibono ngobufakazi obuthembekile.
Ubufakazi obuthembekile ngokuvamile buvela emithonjeni ehlonishwayo ehlangabezane nokubuyekezwa okuqinile kochwepheshe. Izibonelo zemithombo enengqondo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa:
- Amajenali ezemfundo abuyekezwe ngontanga
- Izitolo zezindaba ezikhethiwe
- Izincwadi zikahulumeni
- Izincwadi ezigunyaziwe ngochwepheshe abaziwayo
Ababhali kufanele bafune ukuqoqa ubufakazi kulezi zinhlobo zemithombo ukuze baqinise impikiswano ngayinye esekelayo. Nakuba eminye imiyalo ingase isho ngokucacile ukuthi bungakanani ubufakazi obudingekayo, njengomthetho ojwayelekile, cabanga ukunikeza okungenani izingcezu ezimbili zobufakazi obuzwakalayo ngephuzu ngalinye elisekelayo olenzayo.
Ezimeni ezithile, ukwaziswa ngokwako kungase kunikeze imithombo enconyiwe noma edingekayo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ababhali kufanele bahlole ngokucophelela lezi zincwadi, hhayi nje ukuze balolonge imibono yabo siqu kodwa futhi baqoqe idatha efanele noma izingcaphuno. Lokhu kufanele kubhekiselwe kahle ukuze kwengeze ukwethembeka nokubaluleka okwengeziwe kumpikiswano ethulwayo.
Hlela uhlaka lokwaziswa kwakho
Ngemva kokulungiselela isitatimende sabo se-thesis kanye nokuqoqa ubufakazi obusekelayo, ababhali bangaqhubeka nokubeka ama-eseyi abo. Uhlaka lusebenza njengomhlahlandlela, oluqondisa ukugeleza kwemibono ngokunengqondo. Izinga lemininingwane kuhlaka lingashintsha ngokusekelwe esikhathini esitholakalayo; nokho, ngisho nohlaka olufushane luyazuzisa ukuhlala ugxilile futhi uhlelekile. Nasi isampula yesakhiwo sendatshana enezigaba ezinhlanu:
| kwesigaba | Isakhi nencazelo |
| Isingeniso | • Hook: Isivula esibamba ukunaka • Isingeniso sesihloko: Chaza kafushane isihloko • Isitatimende se thesis: Impikiswano eyinhloko ye-eseyi |
| Umzimba isigaba 1 | • Umusho wesihloko: Umbono oyinhloko wale ndima • Ubufakazi obusekelayo 1: Ubufakazi bokuqala • Ukuhlaziywa: Incazelo yobufakazi 1 • Ubufakazi obusekelayo 2: Ubufakazi besibili • Ukuhlaziywa: Incazelo yobufakazi 2 |
| Umzimba isigaba 2 | • Umusho wesihloko: Umqondo oyinhloko walesi sigaba • Ubufakazi obusekelayo 1: Ubufakazi bokuqala • Ukuhlaziywa: Incazelo yobufakazi 1 • Ubufakazi obusekelayo 2: Ubufakazi besibili • Ukuhlaziywa: Incazelo yobufakazi 2 |
| Umzimba isigaba 3 | • Umusho wesihloko: Umqondo oyinhloko walesi sigaba • Ubufakazi obusekelayo 1: Ubufakazi bokuqala • Ukuhlaziywa: Incazelo yobufakazi 1 • Ubufakazi obusekelayo 2: Ubufakazi besibili • Ukuhlaziywa: Incazelo yobufakazi 2 |
| Isiphetho | • Ithisisi ephindwe kabusha: Phinda ithisisi • Uhlolojikelele lobufakazi: Isifinyezo samaphuzu asekelayo • Isitatimende sokuphetha: Imicabango yokugcina noma ukubizela esenzweni |
Ukwenza uhlaka akudingi uhlu oluphelele lwemininingwane, ikakhulukazi uma isikhathi sinomkhawulo. Noma kunjalo, isenzo sokuchaza siyisinyathelo esibalulekile enqubweni yokubhala. Akugcini nje ngokuletha ukucaca nokugxila emicabangweni yombhali kodwa futhi kusiza ukufunda okushelelayo ngokusiza ukugeleza okunengqondo kwemibono.
Isiphetho
| Imfihlo yokubhala i-eseyi ecacile, egxilile, futhi enomthelela ukuhlela ukwaziswa kwakho ngempumelelo. Ukwaziswa okuhlelwe kahle kusebenza njengepulani ye-eseyi yakho, ukukufundisa ngengxenye ngayinye ebalulekile—kusukela esitatimendeni sesethulo kanye nesithiyosi kuya ezigabeni zomzimba nesiphetho. Ngokuzinika isikhathi sokuhlela ukwaziswa kwakho, ungahlukanisa imibuzo enzima ube yimisebenzi elula. Le ndlela yokubhala ayigcini nje ngokwenza lula inqubo yokubhala kodwa futhi iqinisekisa ukuthi indaba yakho inamathela kumhlahlandlela futhi ihambisana nomfundi. Ukuhlela ukwaziswa kwakho kuwumhlahlandlela wakho oya endabeni ye-A-grade, uphendule leso sikrini esisabekayo esingenalutho nemicabango exubene ibe indaba ehlelekile, ephumelelayo. |
