Ezweni lokubhala, amagama aguquguqukayo afana nezixhumanisi ezixhumanisa imibono, okuqinisekisa ukugeleza okushelelayo ukusuka komunye umcabango kuya komunye. Ngaphandle kwazo, abafundi bangase bazithole belahlekile ekuxubeni kwemisho enqanyuliwe nezigaba, bezabalaza ukuqonda ukuthi imibono ihlobana kanjani. Indima yamagama enguquko idlulela ngale kokwengeza isitayela ekubhaleni; zibalulekile ekuholeni abafundi ohambweni oluyinkimbinkimbi lwe izingxabano, izindaba, kanye nemibono. Le ndatshana ihlose ukucacisa lezi zingxenye zolimi ezibalulekile, inikeze ababhali amakhono okubhala umbhalo odlulisa imibono ngendlela ecacile, ebumbene, nenhle.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uqala uhambo lwakho lokubhala noma ulola ikhono lakho njengombhali ongumakad' ebona, ukwazi amagama oshintsho kubalulekile ukuze uthuthukise ukubhala kwakho, ukwenze kuhehe, kukhange, futhi kujabulise izethameli zakho.
Incazelo yamagama enguquko
Amagama enguquko nemishwana, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi amagama axhumanisayo noma axhumayo, ibalulekile ekubhaleni. Baxhumanisa imisho nemibono ndawonye, bakhe ukulandisa okuvumelanayo nokubumbene. Lawa magama ahlanganisa imicabango ehlukahlukene, eqondisa abafundi ukusuka empikiswaneni eyodwa noma indaba bakhombe kwelandelayo kalula.
Ukuqonda okuqinile kwamagama oguquko kubalulekile kunoma yimuphi umbhali ofuna ukuthuthukisa ukugeleza nokufundeka kombhalo wabo. Zisiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imibono ayigcini nje ngokuxhunywa kodwa futhi yethulwa ngokulandelana okunengqondo nokuhehayo. Nakhu ukubuka konke okusheshayo kwamagama avamile oguquko:
- Ukwengeza. Amagama anjengokuthi “ngaphezu kwalokho,” “ngaphezu kwalokho,” kanye “futhi” ethula ulwazi olwengeziwe noma imibono.
- Phawula umehluko owawukhona phakathi. Imisho enjengokuthi “nokho,” “ngakolunye uhlangothi,” nethi “noma kunjalo” ikhombisa umehluko noma ukuphikisana.
- Imbangela nomphumela. “Ngakho-ke,” “ngenxa yalokho,” kanye “njengomphumela” abonisa ubuhlobo phakathi kwezenzo noma izehlakalo.
- ukulandelana. “Okokuqala,” “okwesibili,” “bese,” futhi “ekugcineni” kubonisa ukuqhubeka kwezinyathelo ohlwini noma inqubo.
- Isibonelo. “Isibonelo,” “ngokwesibonelo,” kanye nelithi “okungukuthi” bethula izibonelo eziyimifanekiso.
- Isiphetho. “Ekuphetheni,” “ukufingqa,” kanye nokuthi “konke” kubonisa ukufinyezwa noma ukuphela kwengxoxo.
Ukubekwa ngempumelelo kwamagama oguquko
Manje njengoba sesihlole ukuthi ayini amagama enguquko, ake sibheke ukuthi angawasebenzisa kanjani ngempumelelo ekubhaleni kwakho. Amagama oguquko avamise ukwethula umusho omusha noma isigatshana, ngokuvamile esilandelwa ukhefana, ukuze kumiswe ukuxhumana nomcabango owandulelayo.
Isibonelo, cabanga ngokutholwe okungaphelele kocwaningo:
- “Imininingwane ibingaphelele. Ngakho-ke, ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka.”
Angabuye abekwe phakathi kwemisho ukuze ahlanganise ulwazi olusha ngokushelela ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukugeleza kokulandisa.
Ngokwesibonelo:
- “Isixazululo esihlongozwayo, naphezu ukungabaza kokuqala, kwabonakala kuphumelela.”
Ukubonisa ukusetshenziswa ngezibonelo
Ake sihlole ukusebenza kwamagama oguquko ngokusebenzisa izibonelo eziqhathanisayo:
- Ngaphandle kwamagama enguquko. “Imvula yaqala ukuna. Sinqume ukuhlehlisa ipikiniki. Isibikezelo sabikezela isibhakabhaka esicwathile kamuva kuleli sonto.”
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwale misho abucacile, okwenza ukulandisa kuguqe.
- Namagama enguquko angeziwe. “Imvula yaqala ukuna. Ngenxa yalokho, sanquma ukuhlehlisa ipikiniki. Ngenhlanhla, isibikezelo sabikezela isibhakabhaka esicwathile kamuva kuleli sonto.”
Ukwengezwa kwamagama oguquko kucacisa ubudlelwano bembangela-nomphumela futhi kwethula uguquko oluhle lwezenzakalo, kuthuthukisa ukuhlangana kombhalo.
Isexwayiso ngokumelene nokusebenzisa ngokweqile
Nakuba amagama oguquko ebalulekile ekubhaleni okusamanzi, ukuwasebenzisa ngokweqile kungaholela ekuphindaphindeni futhi kuphazamise ijubane lombhalo. Indlela ecophelela kakhulu ingase ibukeke kanje:
- Amagama oguquko asetshenziswe ngokweqile. “Ukuhlola kube yimpumelelo. Nokho, isilingo sesibili sabonisa imiphumela ehlukile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa kwesithathu akuzange kuphelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqulwa kwecala lesine kwangqubuzana nokutholwe ekuqaleni.”
Lesi sibonelo sibonisa iqoqo elingadingekile lamagama oshintsho, elingenza umbhalo uzizwe unesicefe futhi uchazwe ngokweqile.
- Indlela elinganiselayo. “Ukuhlola kube yimpumelelo, kuyilapho uhlolo lwesibili lwabonisa imiphumela ehlukile. Icala lesithathu alizange liphelele, kanti elesine laphikisana nalokho okutholwe ekuqaleni.”
Kule nguqulo ebuyekeziwe, ukusetshenziswa kwamagama enguquko kunokulinganisela, okudlulisa ulwazi olufanayo ngaphandle kokulayisha kakhulu umbhalo ngezixhumi, ngaleyo ndlela kusekela ukugeleza kwemvelo nokuhehayo.
Ukufaka amagama oguquko kuhilela ukuqonda injongo yawo, ukuqaphela ubudlelwano obunengqondo abukhombayo, nokuwasebenzisa ngokuhlakanipha ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukulandisa ngaphandle kokukhungathekisa umfundi.
Ukuhlola izigaba nezibonelo zamagama oshintsho
Amagama oguquko ahlukaniswa ngezigaba eziningana ngokusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwawo emisho. Ukuqonda lezi zigaba kusiza ababhali ukuthi bakhethe igama elifanele kakhulu ukudlulisa ukuxhumana okufiswayo phakathi kwemibono.
Isengezo: Ukwandisa imibono
Amagama anezela engeza ulwazi, aqinise imiqondo, noma azwakalise ukuvumelana nokwaziswa kwangaphambili.
- Isibonelo. Ingadi iyachuma kulesi sikhathi sonyaka. Ukwengeza, uhlelo olusha lokunisela luye lwabonakala lusebenza kahle kakhulu.
- Abanye. Futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokufanayo, ngaphezu kwalokho.
I-Adversative: Imibono ehlukile
Lawa magama ethula umehluko, ukuphikisa, noma ukungezwani ngaphakathi kombhalo.
- Isibonelo. Isibikezelo sathembisa isimo sezulu libalele. Noma kunjalo, ilanga lalina futhi libanda.
- Abanye. Nokho, ngokuphambene, kodwa, ngokuphambene.
Isizathu: Ibonisa imbangela kanye nomphumela
Ukuguqulwa kwembangela kubonisa ubudlelwane bembangela-nomphumela phakathi kwezingxenye ezihlukene zombhalo.
- Isibonelo. Inkampani yehlulekile ukubuyekeza ubuchwepheshe bayo. Ngenxa yalokho, yawela ngemuva kwezimbangi zayo.
- Abanye. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yalokho, ngakho
Okulandelanayo: Imibono yoku-oda
Ushintsho olulandelanayo lusiza ekufakeni ulwazi kuhlu, ukufingqa, noma izingxoxo zokuphetha.
- Isibonelo. Okokuqala, qoqa zonke izithako ezidingekayo. Olandelayo, zixube kahle.
- Abanye. Ekugcineni, ke, kamuva, ukuphetha
Izibonelo ezisetshenziswayo
Ukuze uhlanganise ukuqonda kwakho, ithebula elilandelayo lifingqa izigaba zamagama oguquko futhi linikeze izibonelo ezicacile, ezimfushane. Lesi sifinyezo sisebenza njengereferensi esheshayo yemisebenzi ehlukahlukene yamagama oguquko, siphelelisa izincazelo ezinemininingwane enikeziwe ngenhla:
| Umsebenzi | Ukusetshenziswa kwesibonelo | Amagama enguquko |
| Ukwengezwa | Iphrojekthi yethu ibingaphansi kwesabelomali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yaqedwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi esimisiwe. | ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphezu kwalokho |
| Phawula umehluko owawukhona phakathi | Le noveli ithole ukutuswa okubucayi. Noma kunjalo, ayizange ibe edayisa kakhulu. | nokho, nokho, esikhundleni salokho |
| Imbangela nomphumela | Waziqeqesha kanzima izinyanga. Ngakho-ke, ukunqoba kwakhe emqhudelwaneni kwakumfanele. | ngakho-ke, ngenxa yalokho, ngenxa yalokho |
| ukulandelana | Ekuqaleni, icebo lalibonakala lingenasici. Ekugcineni, kwavela izinkinga eziningana. | ekuqaleni, bese, ekugcineni |
Ukukhetha inguquko efanele
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akuwona wonke amagama enguquko ashintshashintshayo, ngisho nangaphakathi kwesigaba esifanayo.
Umehluko omncane egameni ngalinye ungadlulisela izincazelo eziyingqayizivele. Uma ungabaza ngenjongo eqondile noma ukufaneleka kwegama eliguquliwe, ukuhlola isichazamazwi esithembekile kunganikeza ukucaca futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi igama elikhethiwe lifanelana kahle nomongo.
Ngokuhlanganisa lezi zinhlobo ezahlukene zamagama okuguqula ekubhaleni, ungathuthukisa ukucaca, ukuhambisana, nokusebenza kombhalo, uqondise abafundi bakho kuma-agumenti nokulandisa kalula.
Ukuzulazula ezingibeni zamagama oshintsho
Amagama oguquko, uma esetshenziswe kabi, angadida kunokuba acacise ukubhala kwakho. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungatholi izincazelo zazo kuphela kodwa nezindima zazo zohlelo lolimi ukuze ugweme ukudideka okungahlosiwe.
Ukungahumushi kahle nokusetshenziswa kabi
Amagama oshintsho kwesinye isikhathi angenza ababhali benze iphutha, abangele izitatimende ezingacacile noma ezidukisayo. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenzeka uma kunokungafani phakathi kokuxhumana okuhlosiwe okuhlosiwe kanye negama loshintsho elisetshenzisiwe.
Ukusebenzisa kabi “ngakho-ke”
“Ngakho-ke” kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhombisa ubudlelwano bembangela-nomphumela. Ukusebenzisa kabi kuvela lapho kusetshenziswa lapho kungekho sizathu esinengqondo, okuholela ekudidekeni:
- Isibonelo sokusebenzisa kabi. “Ithimba lenze izivivinyo eziningi. Ngakho-ke, umphumela wokugcina awuzange uphelele.”
- Ukulungiswa. “Ithimba lenze izivivinyo eziningi. Umphumela wokugcina ubungacacile.”
Ukuqala imisho ngoshintsho olungakahleleki
Ukuqala imisho ngokuthi “futhi,” “kodwa,” “ngakho,” noma “futhi” kuvamile olimini lwansuku zonke kodwa kungase kudumazeke ekubhaleni okusemthethweni ngenxa yephimbo elivamile elikudalayo:
- Isibonelo sokusebenzisa kabi. "Futhi ucwaningo lwaphetha ngaphandle kwemiphumela eqondile.”
- Ukulungiswa. "Ucwaningo, ngaphezu kwalokho, lwaphetha ngaphandle kwemiphumela eqondile."
Ukwakha imisho ehlukene
Amagama oguquko afana nelithi “yize” nelithi “ngoba” akufanele ame wodwa njengemisho ephelele njengoba evame ukwethula izigaba ezincikile ezidinga ukuba isigatshana esiyinhloko siphelele:
- Umusho ohlukanisiwe. “Nakuba i-hypothesis yayithembisa. Imiphumela ibiphikisana.”
- Ukulungiswa. "Nakuba i-hypothesis yayithembisa, imiphumela yayiphikisana."
Ukucindezela kakhulu ngokuthi "kanye"
Igama elithi “kanye” livame ukusetshenziswa ngokufanayo nelithi “futhi,” kodwa lingethula inkimbinkimbi engadingekile, ikakhulukazi uma izinto elizihlanganisayo zingabalulekile ngokulinganayo:
- Isibonelo sokusebenzisa ngokweqile. “Umbiko ukhuluma ngezinto ezenzeka emhlabeni wonke, kanye ne izifundo eziqondile.”
- Ukulungiswa. "Umbiko uhlanganisa izitayela zomhlaba kanye nezifundo zamacala athile."
Inkinga yokuthi “kanye/noma”
Ukusebenzisa “kanye/noma” kungabonakala njengokungacacile futhi kufanele kugwenywe ekubhaleni okusemthethweni. Ngokuvamile kucace kakhudlwana ukucacisa inketho eyodwa, enye, noma ukusho kabusha ukuze kucace kangcono:
- Ukusetshenziswa okudidayo. “Abahlanganyeli bangakhetha ibhasi futhi / noma isitimela sokuthutha.”
- Ukulungiswa. "Abahlanganyeli bangakhetha ibhasi, isitimela, noma kokubili okokuthutha."
Ukugwema imisho yakudala
Imisho eyakhiwe ngokuthi “lapha,” “lapho,” noma “lapho” enesiqalo (njengokuthi “lapha” noma “lapha”) ingase izwakale isiphelelwe isikhathi futhi ingadida umlayezo wakho:
- Isibonelo sama-Archaic. “Thina ngalokhu memezela imiphumela eqinisekisiwe.”
- Ukulungiswa. "Simemezela ukuthi imiphumela iqinisekisiwe."
Ukusebenzisa amathuluzi ukuze kucace
Nakuba ukwazi ukusebenzisa amagama oshintsho kuwukhiye wokuthuthukisa ukugeleza nokuhambisana kokubhala kwakho, kuyasiza futhi ukuba nochwepheshe ababuyekeze umsebenzi wakho ukuze uthole ukucaca okuphelele nomthelela. Isevisi yethu yokubuyekeza amadokhumenti inikeza isibuyekezo esibanzi sombhalo wakho, ikunikeza imininingwane hhayi kuphela ekusetshenzisweni okufanele kwamagama oguquko kodwa futhi nesakhiwo sonkana, uhlelo lolimi, nesitayela. Ngokusebenzisana nabahleli bethu abanekhono, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi ukubhala kwakho kupholishiwe, kuyaheha, futhi akukho amaphutha ajwayelekile lokho kungase kuphazamise noma kudide abafundi bakho.
Masikusize ulungise ukuxhumana kwakho, siqinisekise ukuthi imibono yakho yethulwa ngokucacile nangempumelelo.
Amasu asebenzayo okusebenzisa amagama oshintsho
Ngemva kokubhekana nezingibe ezivamile, ake sishintshele kumasu angakunika amandla okusebenzisa amagama oguquko ngempumelelo, siqinisekise ukuthi ukubhala kwakho akucacile nje kuphela, kodwa futhi kuyaphoqa. Nazi izindlela ezibalulekile zokuthuthukisa ikhono lakho lokubhala:
- Thola ubudlelwano obuyisisekelo. Igama ngalinye loshintsho lifeza injongo eyingqayizivele, ukuxhumanisa imibono ngokubonisa ukugqama, ukuhlanganisa, imbangela nomphumela, noma ukulandelana. Ukuze uthole ukucaca, qondanisa igama loshintsho nobudlelwane obufanayo ofisa ukubudlulisa. Isibonelo, uma usuka enkingeni uye esixazululo, "ngalokho" noma "ngakho-ke" kungase kufane kahle.
- Yamukela ezihlukahlukene. Ukuwela emkhubeni wokuphinda usebenzise amagama ambalwa owathandayo wenguquko kungenza ukubhala kwakho kube okumnandi. Nweba ukukhetha kwakho ngokuhlola uhla olubanzi lwamagama enguquko. Lokhu kwehluka kuzogcina ukubhala kwakho kugqama futhi kuheha abafundi.
- Sebenzisa ngokucophelela ukuze uthole umthelela ongcono. Noma amagama enguquko esiza ukubhala kwakho kugeleze kahle, ukusebenzisa amaningi kakhulu kungenza umbhalo wakho ube ngcolile futhi kudideke umlayezo wakho. Zisebenzise ngokuhlakanipha, uqiniseke ukuthi ngayinye ikuthuthukisa ngempela ukubhala kwakho. Khumbula, ngezinye izikhathi uguquko olunamandla kakhulu umusho owakheke kahle.
- Cabangela ukubekwa ukuze ugcizelele. Nakuba kuvamile ukubeka amagama enguquko ekuqaleni komusho, ukuwafaka phakathi nomusho noma ekugcineni kunganikeza isigqi esisha futhi kugqamise imibono ebalulekile. Linga ngokubeka ukuze uthole ukuthi yini ethuthukisa kangcono ukugeleza kokulandisa kwakho.
- Zibophezele ekuzilolongeni futhi ufune impendulo. Ukuba ngcono ekusebenziseni amagama enguquko, njenganoma yiliphi ikhono lokubhala, kuza nokuzilolonga. Ukuzivocavoca okuvamile kokubhala, okuhambisana nokufuna impendulo kontanga noma abeluleki, kungakhanyisa izindawo ongazithuthukisa kanye namathuba amasha okuthuthukisa ukusebenzisa kwakho izinguquko.
Ukufaka lawa maqhinga ngeke nje kuthuthukise ukuhambisana nokufundeka kokubhala kwakho kodwa futhi kukwenze kuhehe futhi kuhehe, kuthuthukise ikhono lakho lokudlulisa imibono yakho ngempumelelo. Uhambo lokubhala kahle luyaqhubeka, luthuthukiswa ucezu ngalunye olubhalayo kanye nengxenye ngayinye yempendulo oyitholayo.
Isiphetho
| Amagama oguquko angabakhi abathule bokubhala kwethu, axhumanisa kalula imicabango nemibono yethu. Lo mhlahlandlela ukudlulise ngokubaluleka kwawo, kusukela kokuyisisekelo kuya kumasu athuthukile kanye nezingibe ezivamile. Khumbula, ukusetshenziswa ngobuhlakani kwalezi zixhumi zolimi kungaguqula ukubhala kwakho kusuka kumbhalo olula kuye ekulandiseni okuphoqayo. Uhambo lokuqonda amagama oshintsho luyaqhubeka, lwakhiwe umusho ngamunye owubhalayo nayo yonke impendulo oyitholayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usaqala noma ungumbhali onolwazi, qhubeka uhlola futhi ulungise ukusebenzisa kwakho lezi zici ezibalulekile. Vumela igama ngalinye olikhethayo libe yisinyathelo esiya ekubhaleni okucacile, okubandakanya kakhudlwana. |
